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Selection of weigh station locations in Thailand using the analytic hierarchy process
Veeris Ammarapala,Thanwadee Chinda,Pison Udomworarat,Terdsak Rongwiriyapanich
Songklanakarin Journal of Science and Technology , 2013,
Abstract: The Department of Rural Roads, Thailand, is responsible for managing rural roads and their assets to ensure safe andpleasurable conditions for travelers. Annually, the department spends more than 10,000 million Baht for conducting roadmaintenances. It has been identified that one of the major causes of road damages is a result of the operations of overloadedtrucks. This leads to the plan to establish the weigh stations to control and protect the conditions of rural roads across thecountry. In order to determine suitable locations for establishing weigh stations, this paper utilizes the analytic hierarchyprocess technique, with two sets of the main criteria under consideration, namely the engineering and economic factors, withtheir six associated attributes. The analysis results suggest the criterion weights of the engineering and economic factors,and their associated attributes, to be used for the calculation of the net weights of the rural roads. The roads with the highestnet weights are considered feasible for permanent weigh stations establishment.
Epidemiological Pattern of Road Traffic Injuries among Occupants’ Vehicles in 2012  [PDF]
Elaheh Ainy, Ali Khorshidi, Ayad Bahadori Monfared, Hamid Soori, Mashyaneh Haddadi
Journal of Transportation Technologies (JTTs) , 2016, DOI: 10.4236/jtts.2016.65025
Abstract: There has been no precise information regarding occupants’ status and their portion in traffic accident. By using traffic police information, epidemiological pattern of road traffic injuries among occupants’ vehicles was analyzed in 2012. It was a cross sectional study. In this study, traffic police registered data in 2012 were used. Subjects were all occupants who had accident record in 2012 (81585: 77841 injured and 3744 death). Before analyzing, various preparatory steps including data control and merging were done after which data were processed. Findings showed that the mean age of the studied population was 28.7 ± 15.11 years. The highest percentage of accident occurred among car and motorcycle occupants respectively. The risk of death among the injured aged 30 - 59 years and 60+ were 1.20 and 2.23 times more than 30 years (as reference) respectively (p < 0.001). Risk of death among the injured in high ways, main roads and rural roads was 2.84 times more than in urban roads (p < 0.001). The risk of death among the injured was 2 times higher in high ways, main roads and rural secondary roads than streets (p < 0.001). Hence car and motorcycle occupants need urgent attention especially in motorways and high ways, main roads and rural secondary.
The Hidden Life of the Historical System of Rural Roads in a Sector of the Guadarrama Mountains, Central Spain  [PDF]
ángel Paniagua
Advances in Applied Sociology (AASoci) , 2020, DOI: 10.4236/aasoci.2020.107016
Abstract: Historical geography has had as a preferred area of study of rural landscapes and societies in the past. In the context of the new rural geography, a road system is analyzed and its historical evolution is used as the source to make a narrative interpretation of the landscape. This narrative interpretation is understood as the evolutionary expression of different values, traditions, actions and hopes of the inhabitants of the area in the course of history. From this perspective, the paths can be used to establish an adequate continuity between the past and the present. The methodology combines the use of cartography, territorial recognition and in-depth surveys. The case study is a sector of the Sierra de Guadarrama located in central Spain.
GIS-Based Methodology for Crash Prediction on Single-Lane Rural Highways  [PDF]
Márcia Macedo, Emilia Kohlman Rabbani, Maria Maia, Marlos Macedo, Bianca Ferreira
Journal of Geographic Information System (JGIS) , 2021, DOI: 10.4236/jgis.2021.132007
Abstract: Due to the need to update the current guidelines for highway design to focus on safety, this study sought to build an accident prediction model using a Geographic Information System (GIS) for single-lane rural highways, with a minimum of statistically significant variables, adequate to the Brazilian reality, and improve accident prediction for places with similar characteristics. A database was created to associate the accident records with the geometric parameters of the highway and to fill in the gaps left by the absence of geometric highway plans through geometric reconstitution or semi-automatic extraction of highways using satellite images. The Generalized Estimating Equation (GEE) method was applied to estimate the coefficients of the model, assuming negative distribution of the binomial error for the count of observed accidents. The accident frequency and annual average daily traffic (AADT) were analyzed, along with the spatial and geometric characteristics of 215 km of federal single-lane rural highways between 2007 and 2016. The GEE procedure was applied to two models having three variations of distinct homogeneous segmentation, two based on segments and one based on the kernel density estimator. To assess the effect of constant traffic, two more variations of the models using AADT as an offset variable were considered. The predominant correlation structure in the models was the exchangeable. The principal contributing factors for the occurrence of collisions were the radius of the horizontal curve, the grade, segment length, and the AADT. The study produced clear indicators for the design parameters of roadways that influence the safety performance of rural highways.
A Novel Network Screening Methodology for Rural Low-Volume Roads  [PDF]
Ahmed Al-Kaisy, Sajid Raza
Journal of Transportation Technologies (JTTs) , 2023, DOI: 10.4236/jtts.2023.134026
Abstract: Low-volume roads (LVRs) are an integral part of the rural transportation network providing access to remote rural areas and facilitating the movement of goods from farms to markets. These roads pose unique challenges for highway agencies including those related to safety management on the highway network. Specifically, traditional network screening methods using crash history can be effective in screening rural highways with higher traffic volumes and more frequent crashes. However, these traditional methods are often ineffective in screening LVR networks due to low traffic volumes and the sporadic nature of crash occurrence. Further, many of the LVRs are owned and operated by local agencies that may lack access to detailed crash, traffic and roadway data and the technical expertise within their staff. Therefore, there is a need for more efficient and practical network screening approaches to facilitate safety management programs on these roads. This study proposes one such approach which utilizes a heuristic scoring scheme in assessing the level of risk/safety for the purpose of network screening. The proposed scheme is developed based on the principles of US Highway Safety Manual (HSM) analysis procedures for rural highways and the fundamentals in safety science. The primary application of the proposed scheme is for ranking sites in network screening applications or for comparing multiple improvement alternatives at a specific site. The proposed approach does not require access to detailed databases, technical expertise, or exact information, making it an invaluable tool for small agencies and local governments (e.g. counties, townships, tribal governments, etc.).
乡村振兴视域下民族地区居民出行情况与交通特性研究——以甘南藏族自治州临潭县为例
Study on Residents’ Travel Situation and Traffic Characteristics in Ethnic Areas from the Perspective of Rural Revitalization—A Case Study of Lintan County, Gannan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture  [PDF]
马彦军
Open Journal of Transportation Technologies (OJTT) , 2022, DOI: 10.12677/OJTT.2022.113021
Abstract: 为加快推动民族地区交通运输高质量发展，以甘肃省甘南藏族自治州临潭县为研究区域，采用访谈法和问卷调查法，结合TOPSIS综合评价法，对临潭县居民交通出行特征进行分析，并提出以下发展策略：对居民出行体验影响因素实施针对性治理、完善交通基础设施网络、创新农村客货运输服务、基于路衍经济发展“农村公路+”和大力发展农村交通文化，为乡村振兴中民族地区县域交通发展提供借鉴和参考。
In order to accelerate the high-quality development of transportation in ethnic areas, taking Lin-tan County of Gannan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture in Gansu Province as the research area, the characteristics of residents’ transportation in Lintan County were analyzed by using interview method, questionnaire survey method and TOPSIS comprehensive evaluation method. And put forward the following development strategies: factors affecting the implementation of specific management experience of residents, improve the network of transport infrastructure, the innovation of rural passenger and cargo transportation services, developing “Rural road Plus” based on routing economy and vigorously develop rural culture, transportation to rural revitalization in the county transportation development in national regions to provide reference and reference.
Epidemiology and Challenges of Neurotraumas Care in the Emergency Department of a Semi-Urban Hospital in Guinea, West Africa  [PDF]
I. S. Souaré, K. Kaba, A. B. Bah, I. Berete, B. D. Tama, I. S. Souaré, L. K. Beavogui
Open Journal of Modern Neurosurgery (OJMN) , 2021, DOI: 10.4236/ojmn.2021.113016
Abstract: Trauma is one of the most common surgical emergencies admitted in the acute care departments of hospitals in Guinea, West Africa. We carried a study to assess the epidemiological pattern and clinical care of neurotrauma in the emergency department of the Kindia regional hospital, a rural secondary hospital catering to the needs of western Guinea and nearby districts. Data were prospectively collected from December 2019 to March 2020 after receiving the required hospital authorization and informed consent from the patients or relatives. We recorded two hundred cases of neurotraumas (64.5% of traumatic brain injury cases and 14.5% of spinal cord injury). Neurotraumas represented 17.7% of all admitted patients in the department in the study period. The mean age was 25.34 ± 16.73, and the age range 16 to 30 was the most affected. The predominance was male, with a sex ratio of 3.43. Motor Vehicle Accident was the leading cause 68.5%, and 73.2% of them involved a motorcycle. Motorcycle-to-motorcycle collision was responsible for more than a third of neurotraumas. We classified the majority of the cases as mild and low risk neurotrauma representing 62.08%. All patients benefited from medical treatment, and 30.7% of patients received surgical treatment for associated abdominal, orthopedic, and minor procedures for scalp dilacerations. No patient was referred to a Neurosurgery department, and all living patients were discharged home during the study period with minimal disability. The mortality was 16.3%. Our results could be biased by the lack of interhospital networking and the fact that severe traumatic brain-injured patient dies before seeking medical attention.
Utiliza？？o dos recursos naturais por comunidades humanas do Parque Ecoturístico do Guamá, Belém, Pará
Ribeiro, Ana Sílvia Sardinha;Palha, Maria das Dores Correia;Tourinho, Manoel Malheiros;Whiteman, ChristinaWippich;Silva, Alanna do Socorro Lima da;
Acta Amazonica , 2007, DOI: 10.1590/S0044-59672007000200009
Abstract: this work shows data about the use of natural resources by the human population located in (n=1) and around (n=6) the guamá ecotouristic park (gep), in order to evaluate the impact on the local fauna and flora in view of the project for constructing a road through the park. the methodology utilized in this community study was the application of two different types of questionnaires. one was directed to key persons such as old residents, presidents of associations, health agents, etc., and the other was randomly applied to local adults. we attempted to approach at least 50% of the families in the small villages (< 10 families) and 10-15% in the larger communities (> 11 families). in all cases, there was flora and fauna extractivism, especially for subsistence. the most hunted species were the agouti paca, dasyprocta agouti, nasua nasua, euphractus sexcintus and hidrochaeris hidrochaeris. all the communities studied complement their family income by hunting wildlife on order. fruit trees such as euterpe oleracea mart., musa spp and the theobroma cacao were found in 100% of the communities (n=7). medicinal plants are cultivated and used routinely. timber species such inga edulis,virola surinamensis (rol.) warb e simaruba amara (aubl.) are used for charcoal production, house building and transportation means. we discuss the results relating to construction of the road, and make recommendations for reducing the impact on the fauna, the flora and the traditional livelihood of the communities.
The fruits of better roads and waterways: Facilitating fertiliser improvement through transport innovations in 18th
Pieter De Graef
- , 2018, DOI: 10.1177/0022526618782348
Abstract: Whereas the consensus is growing that access of rural production to urban markets improved thanks to new transport infrastructure, the question of whether improved water and road transport also favoured agricultural productivity through the supply of urban and industrial fertilisers has remained unanswered. Taking the smallholding economy of inland Flanders as a case-study, this article shows that improved transport infrastructure did not create a demand market for agricultural inputs by itself. It was commercial opportunities or challenges and social circumstances (such as increasing farm rents) that stimulated cultivators to change their farming strategies (e.g. buying more off-farm fertilisers), whereas new transport infrastructure only helped to ease the supply of agricultural inputs such as off-farm fertilisers in a period when demand for these inputs was increasing
Rural and Forest Roads – Logistics Platform for Rural Transport Services
Mácha, Ji？í,Pártlová, Petra,Straková, Jarmila,Váchal, Jan
- , 2016, DOI: 10.17818/NM/2016/SI25
Abstract: Sa？etak This paper focuses on the historical development of rural and forest roads as part of the process of making rural areas serviceable. On the basis of a selected location of interest, the development of the rural transport, supply and service system (logistics service system – LSS) is illustrated within the context of the relevant production, economic and social potential of the area
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