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Prevalence of Severe Obesity among Primary School Children in 21 European Countries
Agneta Sj？berg,Agneta Yngve,Alexandra Cucu,Ana Isabel Rito,Andrea Gualtieri,Angela Spinelli,Ausra Petrauskiene,Cecily Kelleher,Constanta Huidumac Petrescu,Elena Sacchini,Galina Obreja,Genc Burazeri,Gregor Starc,Hajnalka Takacs,Hana Zamrazilová,Igor Spiroski,Ingunn Holden Bergh,Ioannis Pagkalos,Iveta Pudule,Jolanda Hyska,Jo？o Breda,Julianne Williams,J？rgen Meisfjord,Maria Hassapidou,Marie Kune？ová,Marta Buoncristiano,Mirjam Heinen,Napoleón Pérez,Nazan Yardim,Paola Nardone,Paul Gately,Tulay Bagci Bosi,Vesselka Duleva,Victoria Farrugia Sant'Angelo,Viktoria Anna Kovacs
- , 2019, DOI: 10.1159/000500436
Abstract: The World Health Organization (WHO) European Childhood Obesity Surveillance Initiative (COSI) was established more than 10 years ago to estimate prevalence and monitor changes in overweight and obesity in children aged 6–9 years. Since then, there have been five rounds of data collection in more than 40 countries involving more than half a million children. To date, no comparative studies with data on severe childhood obesity from European countries have been published
Prevalence and Correlates of Overweight and Obesity among School Children in Sohag, Egypt  [PDF]
Soumaya El Sayed Ahmed Hadhood, Rasha Abd Elhameed Ali, Montaser Mohamed Mohamed, Eman Soliman Mohammed
Open Journal of Gastroenterology (OJGas) , 2017, DOI: 10.4236/ojgas.2017.72009
Abstract: Background: Continually rising prevalence of obesity and overweight in children and adolescents is a major public health concern. This is due to its various and serious health hazards on one side and its preventable nature on the other side. This study aims at identification of prevalence of overweight and obesity and its risk factors among children between 6 - 14 years of age in Sohag, Egypt. Method: A cross sectional study was conducted on 711 school children between 6 - 14 years in four months’ period from February to May 2016. Weight and height of the studied children were measured to calculate BMI, which was compared with standard Egyptian growth charts for determining overweight and obesity. Then a questionnaire containing data about socio demographic, parental obesity, early life and dietary risk factors was completed by the children’s parents. Result: Out of 711 studied children, 117 (16.5%) were overweight and 104 (14.6%) were obese. Residing in urban area, having an obese parent or both of them, low level of maternal education, being on formula feeding during early life and lack of fresh vegetables and fruits in diets were significant risk factors for overweight and obesity in the studied children (P value < 0.05). Conclusion: Improperly educated mothers together with sedentary life style manifested in obesity among the parents and lack of sport practice among children constituted the majors risk factors for childhood obesity. This emphasizes the need for increased health awareness of the community about the importance of proper nutrition and physical activity.
Improving BMI in Children While Utilizing Pediatric Provider Guided Telemedicine: A Pilot Study  [PDF]
Lauren M. Sullivan
Health (Health) , 2024, DOI: 10.4236/health.2024.169058
Abstract: Background: Childhood obesity is dramatically on the rise throughout the world. Screening and prevention are ideal, but treatment becomes necessary when a child’s body mass index (BMI) is 95% and greater. Obesity related illness leads to premature death. Local Problem: The current practice at the clinical site for this project is to send the child for lab work and follow up in three months after implementing lifestyle changes, including diet and exercise. Follow-up visits, often canceled or forgotten, contribute to a lack of evaluation and not being seen until the next annual well visit. Methods: The measurable outcomes are the pre and post BMI measurements. A paired t-test was used for data analysis. Compliance with the program was determined by the dietary logs. Interventions: The childhood obesity project was a self-management project, incorporating weekly telemedicine visits with a pediatric provider. The child’s progress was documented via the dietary log and addressed weekly with the provider. Results: There were five participants at the completion of the program. The BMI levels of the pre-intervention period (M = 21.06, SD = 2.86563) and the post-intervention period (M = 20.9, SD = 3.13688) indicated that there was not a significant change in participant BMI as a result of the eight-week intervention period, t(4) = 0.436, p = 0.685. Conclusions: This program is feasible and can be utilized by other families and providers in futures studies. The availability of telemedicine is convenient for busy families. Further studies are recommended with a larger sample size and a longer implementation period to recognize improved change.
Prevalencia de Obesidad en escolares
Plaza Almeida,Josefa; Siurana Rodríguez,José Manuel; Vergara González,Llanos; Mateos Rodríguez,Fernando; Romero Belluga,María Isabel;
Revista Clínica de Medicina de Familia , 2008, DOI: 10.4321/S1699-695X2008000100004
Abstract: objectives. to determine the prevalence of obesity in children from 6 to 8 years old. to determine if school dinners and the holiday period significantly affect obesity in children. design. longitudinal, observational study. setting. a state school in an urban area in basic health area number 1 in albacete. participants. 102 children in the first and second year of primary school. main measurements. the anthropometric measurements of weight, height and body mass index (bmi) of the subjects were taken during may 2007. in september these measurements were taken again and the abdominal perimeter was also measured in subjects who were obese. the percentiles were calculated using the fundación orbegozo charts for weight, height, bmi and abdominal perimeter according to age and gender. results. the prevalence of obesity in the first evaluation was 23.5% and the prevalence of being overwight was 33.3%. in the second evaluation these values increased to 28.1% and 36.4%, respectively. there was a statistically significant difference in the bmi index before and after the summer holidays, the bmi being higher after the summer holidays (18,3 vs 18,7 kg/m2; p = 0,005). conclusions. we found a high prevalence of obesity in our school children. obesity was not related to school dinners. however, after the summer holidays there was a significantly increase in bmi.
Treatment and prevention of childhood obesity
Ceylon Medical Journal , 2011, DOI: 10.4038/cmj.v56i2.3117
Abstract: DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4038/cmj.v56i2.3117 Ceylon Medical Journal 2011; 56: 77-8
Comparison of HIV Testing among Children and Adults with Tuberculosis, Vietnam  [PDF]
Tyson Volkmann, Binh Nguyen, Ebelechukwu G. Anyalechi, Kimberly N. Chapman Hedges, Ho Van Anh, Pham Quang Tue, Nguyen Viet Nhung, Eleanor S. Click
Journal of Tuberculosis Research (JTR) , 2017, DOI: 10.4236/jtr.2017.54030
Abstract: HIV testing among persons with tuberculosis (TB) results in high-yield identification of persons infected with HIV. To evaluate differences in HIV testing among children versus adults with TB in Vietnam, we collected and analyzed age-disaggregated facility and aggregated provincial data from the National Tuberculosis Program. HIV testing was incompletely documented for >70% of children, whereas adult testing data were >90% complete. Standardized training of personnel for universal HIV testing and documentation for children with TB could improve HIV case-detection and permit linking of children with HIV to antiretroviral treatment to prevent morbidity and mortality.
Patterns of Childhood Obesity Prevention Legislation in the United States
Tegan K. Boehmer, PhD, MPH,Ross C. Brownson, PhD,Debra Haire-Joshu, PhD,Mariah L. Dreisinger
Preventing Chronic Disease , 2007,
Abstract: IntroductionBecause of the public’s growing awareness of the childhood obesity epidemic, health policies that address obesogenic environments by encouraging healthy eating and increased physical activity are gaining more attention. However, there has been little systematic examination of state policy efforts. This study identified and described state-level childhood obesity prevention legislation introduced and adopted from 2003 through 2005 and attempted to identify regional geographic patterns of introduced legislation.MethodsA scan of legislation from all 50 states identified 717 bills and 134 resolutions that met study inclusion criteria. Analyses examined patterns in the introduction and adoption of legislation by time, topic area, and geography.ResultsOverall, 17% of bills and 53% of resolutions were adopted. The amount of legislation introduced and adopted increased from 2003 through 2005. The topic areas with the most introduced legislation were school nutrition standards and vending machines (n = 238); physical education and physical activity (n = 191); and studies, councils, or task forces (n = 110). Community-related topic areas of walking and biking paths (37%), farmers’ markets (36%), and statewide initiatives (30%) had the highest proportion of bills adopted, followed by model school policies (29%) and safe routes to school (28%). Some regional geographic patterns in the introduction of legislation were observed. There was no statistical association between state-level adult obesity prevalence and introduction of legislation.ConclusionPublic health and health policy practitioners can use this information to improve advocacy efforts and strengthen the political climate for establishing childhood obesity prevention legislation within state governments. Expanded surveillance (including standardized identification and cataloging) of introduced and adopted legislation will enhance the ability to assess progress and identify effective approaches. Future policy research should examine determinants, implementation, and effectiveness of legislation to prevent childhood obesity.
Parental influence on childhood obesity: A review  [PDF]
Isabel Lin Tzou, Nain-Feng Chu
Health (Health) , 2012, DOI: 10.4236/health.2012.412A211
Abstract:

The issue of childhood obesity is expanding at an accelerated rate compared to previous generations. Both medical and societal conesquences have arisen from this predicament in children and adults. The significance of parental influence as a factor is of key interest in developing possible prevention programs. Three major categories of focus are parental control, attitudes, and behavior in association with childhood overweight and obesity. This comprehendsive systematic and evidence-based review summarizes currently published results, as well as addresses gaps and flaws which should be included in future research on pediatric obesity and parental influence.

Children and Parents’ Perceptions of Family Functioning Relating to Childhood Obesity  [PDF]
Cecilia Colunga Rodríguez, Laura Elizabeth Oliveros Chávez, María de Lourdes Preciado Serrano, Teresita de Jesús Villase？or Cabrera, Mercedes Gabriela Orozco Solis, Mario ángel González, Julio César Vázquez Colunga, Claudia Liliana Vázquez Juárez, Juan Carlos Barrera de León
Advances in Applied Sociology (AASoci) , 2016, DOI: 10.4236/aasoci.2016.610025
Abstract: The aim of this study was to describe the perception that children and their parents have about the family functioning relating to childhood obesity. A qualitative study, based on the family systemic theory, was developed. The participants were four children between 10 and 13 years old, with diagnosed obesity, overweight and normal weight, and five of their parents (four females and one male). The techniques used were semi structure interviews, which were audio-taped and transcribed to an electronic format. A thematic content analysis was applied, obtaining six categories: communication, beliefs about weight and body image, beliefs about food, family patterns, controlling eating and attempted solutions. The findings suggest the existence of paradox communication in the families, with contradictory and ambiguous instructions about the eating behavior of the child; beliefs about an ideal weight and type of body for children and adults; ideas about the nutritional qualities of the food that classify them as healthy or prejudicial; family norms that differ according to the role of who buys, cooks or allows the ingest of specific foods; children referring difficulties to control the food intake, while the parents point out that someone else is responsible for that lack of control; also, some strategies that the family has tried unsuccessfully to control the children weight were mentioned, such as diet or nutritional treatments. In summary, we conclude that the perception of childhood obesity is shared by parents and children, where the family interactions emerge as an element that maintains the children obesity having a lack of understatement about the necessary actions for the children’s healthy development.
Parental perceptions and childhood overweight/obesity: A population-based study among school children in Japan  [PDF]
Takako Shirasawa, Hirotaka Ochiai, Tadahiro Ohtsu, Rimei Nishimura, Takaya Shimizu, Hiromi Hoshino, Naoko Tajima, Akatsuki Kokaze
Health (Health) , 2012, DOI: 10.4236/health.2012.48081
Abstract: The lifestyle of children is primarily controlled by their parents, and that childhood obesity is related to family variables. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between parental perceptions on childhood obesity and their child’s overweight/obesity in Japan. The study subjects were 3168 school children (aged 9 or 10 years) and their parents in the town of Ina, Saitama Prefecture, Japan, between 2002 and 2009. Information regarding parental perceptions about childhood obesity and the lifestyle factors of their children was collected using self-administered questionnaires completed by the participants and their parents. Childhood over-weight was defined according to the International Obesity Task Force cutoffs. Parental perceptions on childhood obesity were significantly associated with their child’s overweight status. Specifically, low perceptions regarding childhood obesity significantly increased the odds ratio (OR) for the child’s overweight status (OR: 1.86, 95% CI: 1.32 - 2.62). However, when the analysis was limited to children with both parents being overweight, there was no statistically significant difference between levels of parental perceptions and the overweight status of their children. Accordingly, the present study suggests that, when both parents are obese, not only is raising parental awareness important, but also encouraging parents to prevent themselves from becoming overweight, leads to improvements in the lifestyle habits of children, which may contribute to the prevention of childhood overweight.
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