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基于唯物史观的福山“历史终结论”致思与批驳
Deliberation and Refutation of Fukuyama’s “End of History Thesis” Based on Historical Materialism  [PDF]
赵晓宇
Advances in Philosophy (ACPP) , 2026, DOI: 10.12677/acpp.2026.152061
Abstract: 弗朗西斯·福山提出的“历史终结论”以哲学思辨的形式阐述了人类社会历史将“终结”于资本主义自由民主制度的基本观点。在唯物史观视角下，“历史终结论”对历史规律的论证不具有合理性，以抽象人性论颠倒历史发展基本原则，以线性史观简化文明发展路径，并将西方自由民主制度虚构成普世性历史终点，从而构成了“历史动力”“历史进程”“历史目的”三个层面的内在缺陷。
Francis Fukuyama’s “End of History Thesis” expounds the core viewpoint that the historical development of human society will “end” in the capitalist system of liberal democracy by virtue of philosophical speculation. From the perspective of historical materialism, the thesis’s demonstration of historical laws is untenable. It reverses the fundamental principles of historical development with the theory of abstract human nature, oversimplifies the development path of civilization with a linear view of history, and fabricates the Western liberal democratic system as a universal historical end. Consequently, the thesis has inherent flaws in three dimensions: the driving force of history, the process of history and the purpose of history.
Deskripsi Pola Kegagalan Pengajuan Verifikasi Karya Tulis Akhir Mahasiswa UGM dalam Unggah Mandiri
Janu Saptari,Nur Hidayati,Wagiya Wagiya
- , 2016, DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/bip.17289 https://doi.org/10.22146/bip.17289
Abstract: Final paper self-submission system is an application that serves as a means of self-service delivery of the final written work of students in the form of final project (TA), thesis and dissertation online. Not all papers uploaded in the system are approved; some are rejected for some reasons. This study aims at determining: (1) the proportion of papers submitted late in the process of self-upload directly approved / rejected based on the level of study program, i.e. diploma, undergraduate, master, doctoral; (2) the proportion of document in the process of submission directly approved /rejected by the faculty; (3) distribution on the quantity of the documents not approved /rejected in the submission based on the level of study (4) distribution on the number of the documents not approved /rejected in self-submission based on faculty; (5) patterns of errors in the process of self-submission; and (6). problems experienced by students in the submission of documents. The study used observational descriptive approach. The population of the study comprised files of documents uploaded. Samples were document files verified by 3 officers for one month. The results of the study showed: (1) average quantity of documents rejected was 49.28%; (2). errors occured in a pattern submission were incomplete manuscript (43.5%), incomplete metadata (22.1% , and incomplete manuscript and metadata ( 33.5%); (3) causes of errors in self-submission were inaccuracy (35.5%), haste (13.4%), drawbacks in application (11.6%), and haste as well as inaccuracy in understanding the existing guidance (27.7%)
The “End of History” and the “Last Man” in Europe—The Contemporary Rise of Illiberalism  [PDF]
Gábor Dániel Nagy
Open Journal of Philosophy (OJPP) , 2022, DOI: 10.4236/ojpp.2022.124046
Abstract: The concept of the “End of History” was originally developed by G. W. F. Hegel in the Phenomenology of the spirit in 1806 (Hegel, 2018). The concept can be closely related to a utopia, the completion of the work of philosophers, and the creation of a perfect framework of the finished system of ideas. Hegel had a lot of influence on Western philosophy with the development of this idea and on Marx, who obviously thought of history in dialectic terms. However, he developed the idea of “communism”, which would have been a state of humankind very similar to the concept of Hegel, with no class differences and no opiates of the people—and no place for further development (Marx & Engels, 2002). The “End of History” is based on this theoretical viewpoint that mankind has reached the final and most advanced form of societal development. However, the theorists and their intellectual followers both have to realize a painful way that the phenomenon can only be attained preliminarily. It proves to be a utopia.
Digital Theses and Dissertations
Konjevi？, S.
Kemija u Industriji , 2010,
Abstract:
EL TRáNSITO DE LA FILOSOFíA DE LA HISTORIA A LA FILOSOFíA DEL ARTE
Vieweg,Klaus; Schwarz,Margarita;
Estudios de Filosofía , 2005,
Abstract: the concept of liberty determines the neuralgic center of hegelian thought as such. hegel？s understanding of history as a progress to liberty, as well as his concept of "the end of history", are now important premises for a correct interpretation of his thesis about "the end of art". they are also premises to interpret correctly the relation that the philosopher suggests between liberty and beauty. only from this point of view, can a conception about a philosophy of art that is amply discussed be clarified precisely, as well as enabling it to be done in accordance with the present.
Towards a New World Order
Jusuf Wanandi
Kasarinlan : Philippine Journal of Third World Studies , 1992,
Abstract: Teilhard de Chardin has shown that the world and man evolve in stages toward perfection. Each stage shows an improvement from the previous stage. The evolution of man is relatively recent compared to the evolution of the world and the universe. Therefore, man's evolution towards perfection is still going to take a long time. In this perspective, it appears to be too premature for Francis Fukuyama to predict the end of history with the victory of the ideas of liberalism-capitalism-democracy over socialism-communism-autocracy.
Sylvia Leser orientadora: um muito de possível
Rodrigues, Heliana de Barros Conde;
Psicologia USP , 2006, DOI: 10.1590/S0103-65642006000300007
Abstract: the epistemological, ethical, aesthetic and political possibilities that are present in the relationship with sylvia leser as thesis director are suggested in the text through the narration of some author's souvenirs and the transcription of some sections of her doctorate's thesis titled “in the track of the ‘devil's horses': memory and history for a re-invention of the paradigm routes related to grouping-institutionalization in brazil”, defended in 2002 at instituto de psicologia da usp. with this aim, the style adopted is inspired in the musical tempo ？ to dare, to live together, to write, to hear and to read, to prolong ？, which is partially able to approach orality, a singular characteristic of the affection-and-thought link between thesis director and student.
Andri 's dissertation in the contexts of East and West
？ihjang Kim
Glasnik Etnografskog Instituta SANU , 2010, DOI: 10.2298/gei1001027d
Abstract: Ivo Andri , Serbian Nobel prize winner for literature, was also famous for his work in studying the Turkish historic sources, especially the Islamic religion and its influence on Bosnia. He dealt with this topic in his thesis The development of spiritual life in Bosnia under the influence of Turkish rule, which he presented in Graz in 1924. His thesis was presented in Austria, shortly after the ruin of Austro-Hungarian empire, at the time of forming the Kingdom of Yugoslavia, when Andri was a young Yugoslav diplomat. As an intellectual and a writer from the Balkans, Andri observed all of the important cultural features of the Eastern and Western civilizations. They were specifically opposed throughout the long Medieval period in the region of Balkan, and especially his homeland Bosnia.
Reification of the Man-Made World. Structural Ideology of Instrumental and Teleological Rationality
Rauni？, Raul
- , 2015,
Abstract: Sa？etak The central intention of this paper is to shed light on the contemporary ideological processes that lead to re-naturalization of the man-made world. These ideological processes are reductive forms that curtail human and historical possibilities of man. The first part of the paper discusses the concept of reification. Through the expansive power of capital as the basic form of sociability, all human relations are reduced to relations between things. Therefore the concept of reification, from the methodological perspective of concrete totality, is the starting point for understanding the social ontology of modern times. The second part of the paper deals with the ideological reduction of various faculties of the mind to the instrumental rationality. Both forms of structural reduction – reification and instrumental rationality – carry out ideological role of displacement: quid pro quo and pars pro toto. This denies: a) the role of the mind that sets the purposes of human activity; b) direct recognition of man as a person and holder of the sense; c) instances of generality and the public that is transformed in an aggregate of asymmetric partiality and privacy; d) the power of joint action and the maintenance and creation of human, temporal and historical open world. The third part outlines the three slogans of our time which illustrate the central thesis of the closing and re-naturalization of historical world. These are: a) the end of ideology, which challenges the political ideals and utopian consciousness, but itself becomes a mega-ideology of the quasi-unchangeable facts of life; b) the end of history, which in the form of teleological rationality advocates perfection of the human world and ideologically eliminates any reasonable alternative; c) the end of politics, which justifies non-political form of government and the power of joint action boils down to management, and the end of philosophy, which aims to scientistic disciplination and repression of humanist perspective. The conclusion summarizes the three-point resistance to the dominant spirit of the times: a radical reflection, pluralism of values, and humanistic philosophical perspective
Art as Self-reflection. From Hegel’s End of History to Danto’s End of Art
Kardum, Marko
- , 2014,
Abstract: Sa？etak The development of artistic practices and the creation of a new category of artistic artefacts have led, as was expected, to the problem of the intuitive and theoretical definition of the said artefacts and practices as (non)artistic. The introduction of the so far non-artistic or utilitarian objects of everyday life into the world of art has caused a rift in the definition of the predicate as a work of art. The ensuing response and theoretical challenge was evident in the often disputed need and the sheer possibility to define art in the first place. It would seem that, in the context of the said issue, the need is beyond debate, but the possibility of definition has been firmly determined methodologically speaking – the desired definition must not crumble under the new development of artistic practices, especially given the fact that it is derived from art as a completed system. Furthermore, despite its state of completeness, it has to be able to encompass new artistic objects and thus retain its democratic quality, innovativeness and imagination as characteristics that traditionally constitute the field of the artistic. Such a challenging task, which without a more in-depth theoretical analysis seems almost contradictory, is feasible if we were to combine Danto’s and Hegel’s theories. We should attempt to define art on the basis of itself, its historical development, while at the same time justly abandoning aesthetics as a philosophical discipline proving insufficient in the task of self-problematizing art as the philosophy of art. Thus art becomes the object of its own scrutiny and its own philosophy, which enables the desired duplicity of defining it
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