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600 MPa级元宝梁用钢冲压开裂原因分析
惠亚军,宁林新,潘辉,刘锟,李文远,王智权
- , 2018, DOI: 10.11951/j.issn.1005-0299.20170056
Abstract: 为解决元宝梁冲压开裂问题，用OM和SEM等仪器与ABAQUS有限元仿真软件对600 MPa级元宝梁用钢冲压开裂原因进行了分析.结果表明：600 MPa级元宝梁用钢化学成分、力学性能与冷弯性能均满足标准要求，金相组织为准多边形铁素体与少量珠光体的混合组织，不存在带状组织；开裂件断口形貌呈现出明显鱼骨状形貌，钢板中心分层，两侧分布起源于中心分层并沿同一方向扩展的三角形台阶状断口，不同形貌断口均属于韧性断裂，而断口整体形貌显示材料在断裂前没有发生缩颈过程.利用ABAQUS软件对“先冲压再压边工艺”与“先压边再冲压工艺”两种工况进行有限元分析，结果显示：先冲压再压边工艺边部应力集中更严重，边部节点应力超过了材料抗拉强度从而导致撕裂现象的发生；由“先冲压再压边工艺”改为“先压边再冲压工艺”后元宝梁冲压开裂率由50%降至0，材料边部变形均匀，未见缩颈与开裂现象发生.
In order to solve the problem of stamping cracking of crossbeam steel, the reasons of stamping cracking of 600 MPa grade crossbeam steel were revealed by using optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and ABAQUS finite element simulation software. The results show that the chemical composition, mechanical properties and cold bending properties of 600 MPa grade crossbeam steel can meet the standard requirements, and the microstructure is composed of pseudo-polygonal ferrite and a small amount of pearlite, without banded structure. The fracture surface showed a fishbone-like morphology. The center of the steel plate was stratified. The triangular step-like fracture originated from the central crack and distributed by the two sides which extended in the same direction. The fracture of different morphologies exhibited a ductile mode. The whole fracture morphology suggested that no necking occurred before fracture. Two kinds of stamping working conditions were simulated by ABAQUS software. The results showed that the process of first stamping and then blank pressing induced great stress concentration in the edge of plate, and the node stress of plate edge exceeded the tensile strength, leading to the tearing phenomenon. The cracking rate of crossbeam was reduced from 50% to 0 when the stamping process changed from first stamping and then blank pressing to first blank pressing and then stamping. At this moment the edge deformation of the material was uniform, without any shrinkage and cracking.
Karyotype Analysis of Two Varieties in Hevea brasiliensis
橡胶树两个品种的核型分析
高和琼,庄南生,王英,邱海燕
植物科学学报 , 2009,
Abstract: 热研7-33-97(Hevea brasiliensis,热研7-33-97)和RRIM600(Hevea brasiliensis,RRIM600)都是大规模推广种植的优良橡胶树品种,对其核型研究在橡胶树育种中有着重要的意义.采用去壁低渗方法对热研7-33-97和橡胶栽培品系RRIM600的染色体数目与核型进行了研究.结果表明:热研7-33-97的染色体核型公式为2n＝36＝34m(4sat)+2sm,核型为2B型.RRIM600的染色体核型公式为2n＝36＝28m(4sat)+8sm,核型为2B型.热研7-33-97和RRIM600的核型在进化上属于比较原始的类型.该研究可为橡胶树育种、种质资源鉴定及基因定位提供细胞学基础.
三种龙的生长：模型、数值模拟和可视化
Growth of Three Dragons: Model, Numerical Simulation and Visualization  [PDF]
杨枥智, 曾钧一, 杨羿轩
Pure Mathematics (PM) , 2019, DOI: 10.12677/PM.2019.96094
Abstract:
本文以《权利的游戏》中三条虚构的龙Drogon，Viserion和Rhaegal为原型，在生长资源有限的条件下，综合考虑三条龙在生长过程中的竞争关系以及气候等环境因素，建立数学模型并数值仿真了三条龙的生长状况，借此计算出其生长所需的各种指标，最后对其进行灵敏度分析。该模型可对多个物种竞争的生长情况进行预测并加以调控，使整个区域的生态结构保持相对稳定。
In this paper, the three fictional dragons Drogon, Viserion and Rhaegal in The Game of Rights are used as prototypes. Under the condition of limited growth resources, the mathematical relationship between the growth of the three dragons and the environmental factors such as climate are considered. The growth of the three dragons was simulated to calculate the various indicators needed for their growth. Finally, sensitivity analysis is performed on it. The model predicts and regulates the competitive growth of multiple species. This keeps the ecological structure of the entire region relatively stable.
多功能共享单车机械结构设计与优化
Design and Optimization of Multi-Functional Shared Bicycle Mechanical Structure  [PDF]
于成, 胡景姝, 吴殿昊, 王祥政, 宗福成, 宋寅生
Mechanical Engineering and Technology (MET) , 2019, DOI: 10.12677/MET.2019.82019
Abstract:
由于社会经济的快速发展，共享单车已成为人们出行的必备工具。本文针对传统的共享单车结构单一，停放占用空间较大，且储物空间有限等问题，设计了一种具有可折叠、可变形能力的多功能共享单车结构。首先为保证多功能自行车在变形时仍保持车筐的功能和车身整体平衡，通过对非骑行状态下的自行车把手、车座及辅助装置折叠，设计了一种组合式的自行车车筐结构，并对承载状态下的自行车车架进行设计和强度校核。最后应用ANSYS Workbench对自行车结构进行仿真分析和优化设计，使自行车的结构更加简洁有效，使用性能和寿命大大提高，加快折叠式共享单车的使用和推广，满足更大的社会需求。
Due to the rapid development of the social economy, shared bicycle has become an indispensable tool for people to travel. Aiming at the problems of traditional shared bicycle structure, large parking space and limited storage space, this paper designs a multi-functional shared bicycle structure with foldable and deformable capabilities. Firstly, in order to ensure the function of the basket and the overall balance of the vehicle body when the multifunctional bicycle is deformed, a combined bicycle basket structure is designed by folding the bicycle handle, the seat and the aux-iliary device in the non-riding state. The bicycle frame under load is designed and checked for strength. Finally, ANSYS Workbench is used to simulate and optimize the bicycle structure, which makes the bicycle structure more concise and effective, greatly improves the performance and life, accelerates the use and promotion of folding shared bicycle, and meets the needs of larger society.
基于Fluent的水射流式鱼去鳞仿真分析
Simulation Analysis of Fish Descaling Based on Fluent Water Jet  [PDF]
夏伟伟, 马骏骁, 张旭, 温保岗, 芦金石, 王慧慧
Modeling and Simulation (MOS) , 2020, DOI: 10.12677/MOS.2020.94041
Abstract: 针对鱼类原料水射流式去鳞设备射流参数不合理、准确性差、去鳞效率低下等问题，本文建立了鲤鱼模型并利用Fluent软件对水射流式鱼体去鳞进行了仿真模拟，建立了鱼体去鳞的力学性能评判指标，分析了射流压力、射流靶距和射流入射角的变化对鱼体去鳞的力学性能评判指标影响趋势，结果表明，在试验给定射流参数范围内，当射流压力9 MPa，射流入射角20？，射流靶距100 mm，此时受力均匀性、有效打击比和最大打击力最优，为鱼类原料水射流式去鳞设备提供理论方法和技术支持。
Aiming at the problems of unreasonable jet parameters, poor accuracy, and low descaling efficiency of fish raw material water jet descaling equipment, this paper established a carp model, and simulated the water jet descaling using fluent software, and established the mechanical per-formance evaluation index of fish body descaling. The influence trend of the changes of jet pressure, jet target distance and jet incident angle on the mechanical performance evaluation index of fish body descaling is analyzed. The results show that within the given jet parameter range of the test, when the optimal jet parameters of scales are jet pressure 9 MPa, jet incidence angle 20？, and jet target distance 100 mm; at this time the uniformity of force, effective strike ratio and maximum strike force are the best, which provided theoretical methods and technical support for fish raw water jet descaling equipment.
商标纸门磁力联轴器的设计
Design of Trademark Paper Door Magnetic Coupling  [PDF]
段文龙, 蒋红涛, 张熠
Instrumentation and Equipments (IaE) , 2022, DOI: 10.12677/IaE.2022.101006
Abstract:
针对商标纸门传动联轴器机械磨损展开研究，采用磁性联轴器替换机械联轴器，利用的是磁性物质同性相斥、异性相吸的原理，通过磁耦合构成一个非接触、无摩擦的传递扭矩机构，有效地解决了由于机械联轴器的磨损导致传动不稳定，出现商标阻塞的问题。本研究主要确定替换商标纸门处的机械式联轴器的磁力联轴器的耦合类型，并通过运用Ansoft工程电磁场有限元分析软件确定了磁力联轴器的磁极对数，输出了端面耦合式磁力联轴器的转矩特性曲线。
The mechanical wear of paper door coupling was studied, using Magnetic coupling to replace the mechanical coupling. Based on the principle that magnetic substances repel each other and attract each other, a non-contact and frictionless torque transmission mechanism is formed through magnetic coupling, which effectively solves the problem of transmission instability and trademark blockage caused by the wear of mechanical coupling. This study mainly determines the coupling type of magnetic coupling to replace the mechanical coupling at the trademark paper door, and determines the magnetic pole logarithm of the magnetic coupling by using Ansoft engineering electromagnetic finite element analysis software, and outputs the torque characteristic curve of the end face coupling magnetic coupling.
消防车辆最优路线规划的仿真研究
Simulation Study on the Optimal Route Plan-ning of Fire Vehicles  [PDF]
任文昊, 罗小龙
Modeling and Simulation (MOS) , 2023, DOI: 10.12677/MOS.2023.126515
Abstract: 近年来，随着经济的高速发展，安全问题已成为一个不可忽视的焦点，特别是火灾的威胁，它对社会的稳定和可持续性构成了严峻的考验。发生火灾时，时间就是生命，所以怎样缩短消防车辆从消防站到事故地点的时间成为了问题的关键。针对这一问题，本文提出一种基于AHP (层次分析法)和加权改进的A*算法的消防路线规划方案，并在虚拟仿真环境下模拟了路径规划的全过程，旨在解决消防车辆路线规划问题，该路线可以保证消防车辆能够在最短时间内到达灾情地点。研究结果将会大大提高消防队的救援效率，降低灾害给国家、社会、集体以及个人造成的损失。
In recent years, with the rapid development of the economy, safety issues have become a focus that cannot be ignored, especially the threat of fire, which poses a severe test to the stability and sus-tainability of society. When a fire occurs, time is life, so how to shorten the time for firefighting vehi-cles to travel from the fire station to the accident site has become the key issue. In response to this issue, this article proposes a fire route planning scheme based on AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process) and weighted improved A* algorithm, and simulates the entire process of path planning in a virtual simulation environment. The aim is to solve the problem of fire vehicle route planning, which can ensure that fire vehicles can reach the disaster location in the shortest possible time. The research results will greatly improve the rescue efficiency of the fire brigade and reduce the losses caused by disasters to the country, society, collective, and individuals.
基于ROS的机场智能驱鸟系统仿生学总线仿真分析
Simulation Analysis of Bionic Bus in ROS-Based Intelligent Bird Repelling System at Airports  [PDF]
匡姝静, 孙磊, 夏菽兰, 柳士伟, 肖鑫, 蒋冬梅
Modeling and Simulation (MOS) , 2023, DOI: 10.12677/MOS.2023.126518
Abstract: 智能驱鸟系统对实时性要求高，本文研究了基于ROS (Robot Operating System)的机场智能驱鸟系统的设计与实现。其中，关注点集中在仿生学总线的设计与仿真分析上。首先，通过收集和分析现有的驱鸟系统和仿生学总线相关领域的研究，建立了机场智能驱鸟系统的基本原理和需求。然后，提出了一种以ROS作为基础的仿生学总线设计方案，并利用仿真工具评估了该设计方案的性能。采用光电、雷达采集机场鸟群的图像信息，声采集传感器采集声音信息，图像信息通过UVC仿生学协议交互，声音信息通过UDP仿生学协议交互，通过仿生学协议在终端计算机之间远程传输并解码的形式完成鸟类信号的图像和声音特征性传输。鸟群目标检测图像和视频数据传输给上位机，上位机软件显示采集的图像，并将图像数据经过存储，通过UVC仿生学协议将采集的图像的参数传输，包括鸟类的体积、大小、出现频率、危险系数以及标定等信息，从而减少图像或视频的识别辨析过程，提高系统快速识别的速率。声音信息通过UDP仿生学协议交互，将南北方鸟类、鸟类攻击性及鸟类其它信息进行传输，并将有针对性的播放目标鸟群的天敌叫声，同类惨叫声、噪声及枪炮声控制指令发送到强声设备，快速有效实现目标鸟群的驱离。
The intelligent bird repellent system has high requirements for real-time performance. This article studies the design and implementation of an intelligent bird repelling system at airports based on ROS (Robot Operating System). The focus is on the design and simulation analysis of a bionic bus. Firstly, by collecting and analyzing existing research on bird repelling systems and bionic buses, the basic principles and requirements of the intelligent bird repelling system at airports are estab-lished. Then, a bionic bus design scheme based on ROS is proposed, and the performance of this de-sign scheme is evaluated using simulation tools. The image information of the airport bird flock is collected through photoelectric and radar sensors, and the sound information is collected through sound acquisition sensors. The image information is transmitted using the UVC bionic protocol, and the sound information is transmitted using the UDP bionic protocol. The bird signals, including im-age and sound characteristics, are transmitted remotely between terminal computers through bi-onic protocols and decoded. The bird target detection images and video data are transferred to the host computer, where the software displays the collected images and transmits the parameters of the images through the UVC bionic protocol, including the volume, size, frequency of occurrence, danger coefficient, and calibration information of the birds. This reduces the image or video recog-nition process and improves the rate of rapid identification. The sound information is transmitted using the UDP bionic protocol, conveying information about bird species, bird aggressiveness, and other bird-related information. Target bird flock repelling instructions, such as predator calls, same-species distress calls, noise, and gunshot sounds, are sent to the sound device for quick and effective bird repelling.
海上搜寻规划与资源配置仿真设计
The Design and Simulation for Maritime Search and Resource Allocation  [PDF]
张宇, 孟伟, 杨鹤笛
Advances in Applied Mathematics (AAM) , 2023, DOI: 10.12677/AAM.2023.1212485
Abstract: 海上搜寻规划和搜寻资源的配置是一项流程复杂的工作。事故发生时，如何利用有效的搜寻资源，迅速的制定出合理的搜寻方案是一项关键的任务。本文基于成熟的理论基础和数学模型，通过制定新的仿真业务流程、考虑真实海洋气象因素、结合实际情况进行搜寻设备约束限制，实现一套海上搜寻任务规划与资源配置仿真系统，可以对不同搜救设备独立或同时参与搜救任务给出不同的规划路径，智能选择最优方案，并对搜寻结果进行分析评估。该系统能够使搜寻资源配置最优化，使搜寻行动的成功概率最大化，也为未来海上搜寻任务完整方案的制定提供智能化基础。
Maritime search and resource allocation is a complex process. When accidents occur, it is crucial to utilize effective search and rescue resources and promptly develop a reasonable search and rescue plan. This article is based on proved-theories and model, designing the new work-flow, considering the real marine meteorological factors, to realize a new maritime search and resource allocation simulation system. This system can design different searching path based on one or more rescue fa-cilities, and choose the best one as the final plan. It can also make the assessment to the choosing rescue plan and give the advice. This system can optimize resource allocation and maximize the probability of successful search operation, and also provide a foundation for future intelligent for-mulation of maritime search and rescue plans.
石墨烯膜微流量敏感元件温度影响分析
Temperature Effect Analysis of Graphene Membrane Microflow Sensor  [PDF]
王清杨, 李子涵, 史慧超
Instrumentation and Equipments (IaE) , 2024, DOI: 10.12677/iae.2024.122033
Abstract: 差压式流量测量技术在精密化工、生物医学、流程工业等领域具有重要应用。本文以石墨烯膜差压式微流量传感器的敏感元件作为研究对象，探讨了温度变化对其流量测量结果的影响，并建立了温度敏感元件的有限元分析仿真模型，从流体的粘度和密度两个因素，对温度影响导致的流量变化趋势进行了分析总结，为探索和改进石墨烯膜差压式微流量传感器在不同温度条件下的性能提供参考。
Differential pressure flow measurement technology has important applications in precision engineering, biomedica, process industry and other fields. In this paper, the sensitive element of graphene membrane differential pressure microflow sensor is taken as the research object, the influence of temperature change on its flow measurement results is discussed, and the finite element analysis simulation model of temperature sensitive element is established. The flow variation trend caused by temperature is analyzed and summarized from the two factors of viscosity and density of the fluid to provide a reference for exploring and improving the performance of graphene membrane differential pressure microflow sensor under different temperature conditions.
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