Phytochemical Profiling and Bioactivity Assessment of Alternantheraphiloxeroides and in Silico Evaluation of Dendryphiellin I Isolated from Its Endophytic Fungi
Alternantheraphiloxeroides (Mart.) Griseb., locally known as Malancha shak, is a medicinally important leafy vegetable found in Bangladesh. This study investigated the phytochemical profile and biological activities of the methanolic extract, as well as the isolation and characterization of an endophytic fungal metabolite. FTIR and NMR analyses demonstrated the presence of varied functional groups and secondary metabolites. The extract showed moderate DPPH radical-scavenging activity, with an IC50 value of 127.48 ± 0.53 μg/mL, and antibacterial activity against Bacilluscereus (11.5 mm), Pseudomonasaeruginosa (12 mm), Staphylococcusaureus (9 mm), and Escherichiacoli (9 mm), whereas it exhibited no activity against Salmonellatyphi and the tested fungi. The corresponding endophytic fungus was identified as Curvularia sp., from which Dendryphiellin I was isolated and characterized. Molecular docking and ADMET analyses provided preliminary computational evidence of potential biological activity and drug-like properties of Dendryphiellin I.
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