Factors Associated with the Development of Retinopathy among Leukemia Patients in Khmer-Soviet Friendship Hospital in 2025: Correlation between Hematological Parameters with Retinopathy

Purpose: To identify the factors associated with the development of retinopathy among Leukemia patients in Khmer-Soviet Friendship Hospital in 2025. Methods: Prospective cross-sectional study evaluated the correlation between hematological parameters with Leukemia retinopathy. Patients presented with acute or chronic Leukemia which diagnosed and referred from Oncology department will be included in this study. Fisher’s Exact Test was applied to examine the association between socio-demographic factors, hematologic parameters, and retinal manifestations among leukemia patients. Result: A total of 23 patients (46 eyes) were enrolled into our study, including 12 females (52.17%) and 11 males (47.83%). Median age of the patients was 40 years old ranged from 15 - 72 years old. IQR (Interquartile range) was 31.5 years old. The majority of retinal problems were intra-retinal hemorrhages 28 eyes (60.86%). Leukocytosis, anemia, and thrombocytopenia are the characteristic of leukemia and contribute to both systemic and retinal manifestations. Leukocytosis showed higher odds of intra retinal hemorrhage. In addition, low rate of hemoglobin and platelet count appeared to be associated with increased occurrence of intra retinal hemorrhage; however, the results are not statistically significant. Conclusion: Retinal manifestations of leukemia could be detected at initial presentations or relapse. While some manifestations are asymptomatic, others could affect a patient’s visual acuity and change their quality of life, or even the disease course. Cooperation between ophthalmologists and haemato-oncologists is essential for recognizing retinal involvement and disease management.