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基于时序SAR影像的贡巴冰川动态变化监测
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Abstract:
受全球气候变化的影响，近年来藏东南地区多数冰川退化和物质亏损加剧，运动速度减缓，易引发冰湖溃决、滑坡等地质灾害。本文选取位于横断山中段贡嘎山西坡的贡巴冰川作为典型研究区域，使用2007年至2018年间获取的28景ALOS PALSAR-1和ALOS PALSAR-2系列L波段SAR影像集，基于Stacking-POT方法开展大、小贡巴冰川位移场时序监测和分析，首次系统揭示了贡巴冰川位移速率的空间分布特征和时间变化规律。监测结果表明，贡巴冰川位移速率受地形坡度较缓的影响位移速率相对缓慢，大贡巴冰川粒雪盆和冰瀑区速度最快达到0.25 m/d，消融区内运动速率最快约0.10 m/d，而冰舌末端冰川相对稳定位移速率低于0.01 m/d。通过对比贡巴冰川地形坡度分布，贡巴冰川的运动速率分布和地形存在较高的相关性，冰川位移速率基本随坡度的增加而增大。此外，在年际变化方面，通过对比2007年至2018年间冰川运动速率变化，贡巴冰川减速平均值约0.005 m/d，平均减速率达到了4.21%/a。冰川的减速往往意味着冰川的物质亏损，冰川的持续退化，会导致所引发的次生灾害频率随之增高，本文的研究可为冰川的退化评估及其次生灾害监测提供数据和技术支持。
Most glaciers in southern Tibet in recent years have been deteriorating losses of material and movement slow down affected by global climate change, which has caused the geological disasters such as glacial lake outbursts and landslides. This paper selects the Gongba Glacier located on the west slope of Gongga Mountain as a typical research area, by using 28 SAR images acquired by ALOS PALSAR serial satellites from 2007 to 2018 to carry out the time series monitoring and analysis of glacier displacement by Stacking-POT method. The results showed that the displacement velocities of the Gongba Glacier were affected by the slower slope of the terrain. The maximum speed of the Dagongba Glacier Basin and Icefall Area is 0.25 m/d, while the movement rate in the ice tongue is less than 0.10 m/d. By comparing the topographic slope distribution of Gongba glacier, there is a high correlation between the movement rate distribution of Gongba glacier and the terrain, and the displacement increases with the slope. In addition, in terms of interannual variation, the average deceleration of the Gongba Glacier is about 0.005 m/d, and the average deceleration rate reaches 4.21%/a. This paper also supports relevant data for glacial degradation and cryosphere research.
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