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水作为氧源在有机合成中的研究进展
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Abstract:
氧化反应是有机合成中最核心的转化方式之一，但传统化学氧化剂往往伴随着原子利用率低及环境污染等严峻挑战。在“绿色化学”与“原子经济性”理念的驱动下，利用廉价、无毒且储量丰富的水作为氧源直接参与有机转化，已成为现代合成化学的研究热点。然而，水分子的极高热力学稳定性(O-H键能高达118 kJ/mol)使其在温和条件下的活化极具挑战性。本综述系统总结了水作为氧源在有机合成中的最新研究进展与机理探索。
Oxidation reactions are among the most fundamental transformations in organic synthesis; however, the use of traditional chemical oxidants often entails severe challenges, including low atom economy and environmental pollution. Driven by the principles of “green chemistry” and “atom economy,” the direct incorporation of water—an inexpensive, non-toxic, and naturally abundant reagent—as an oxygen source in organic transformations has emerged as a highly active frontier in modern synthetic chemistry. Nevertheless, the inherent thermodynamic stability of the water molecule (O-H bond dissociation energy up to 118 kJ/mol) makes its activation under mild conditions exceptionally challenging. This review systematically summarizes recent advances and provides mechanistic insights into the utilization of water as an oxygen source in organic synthesis.
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