AI is a powerful tool for fighting climate change, providing advanced capabilities in climate modeling, optimizing renewable energy systems, and monitoring biodiversity in real-time to restore ecological balance. However, its high energy use during training and a “digital rebound effect” where efficiency gains lead to increased activity, stance challenges. In 2017, at the UN AI Summit in Geneva, the UN recognized AI as a potential facilitator of sustainable development, emphasizing its role in peace, prosperity, and human dignity. The UN proposed refocusing AI applications to support global efforts to eradicate poverty and hunger, protect the environment, and conserve natural resources. Addressing environmental sustainability is crucial. With AI’s rise, many environmental issues can now be tackled by prioritizing human interests. Sustainability involves the interconnectedness of environment, society, and economy. Sadly, Earth faces severe impacts from global warming and climate change, requiring immediate action to promote environmentally friendly, sustainable products. AI research supporting environmental sustainability spans various disciplines and addresses regional and global issues across the energy, transportation, biodiversity, and water sectors. These sectors are continually evolving and integrating into society. In some developed nations, AI applications are already active in biodiversity, health, industry, finance, and transportation—examples include sophisticated e-waste collection routes, AI-driven ocean-pollution cleanup, and species-protection efforts. While some research exists on AI’s role in transportation, health, agriculture, and industry, comprehensive studies on AI’s potential to enhance sustainability in water, energy, and biodiversity remain limited. This article explores how AI can be utilized to combat climate change and restore ecological balance, examines potential challenges, and offers recommendations.
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