Validation of a Multi-Agent Simulation Engine for Urban Solid Waste Collection in Resource-Constrained Contexts

Urban solid waste management in resource-constrained cities is characterized by structural constraints that limit the direct experimentation of collection strategies. In this context, simulation constitutes a relevant methodological tool, provided that the simulation engine employed is validated as a scientific instrument. This article presents the design and methodological validation of a multi-agent simulation engine, named SimWasteKin, dedicated to the analysis of urban solid waste collection systems within an abstract and controlled framework. The engine is based on a modular architecture integrating a spatio-temporal environment, agents representing collection points and collection vehicles, and a decision-making module that is distinct from output instrumentation. Validation relies on explicit criteria of structural consistency, reproducibility through random seed control, and qualitative sensitivity to key parameters. The results indicate that the engine generates coherent, stable, and interpretable dynamics under controlled initial conditions.