Background: Heart failure is associated with poor treatment adherence and impaired quality of life. Therapeutic patient education (TPE) has demonstrated benefits in Western countries but remains poorly evaluated in sub-Saharan Africa. Objective: To assess the effect of a structured therapeutic education program on treatment adherence and quality of life in patients with chronic heart failure at the University Hospital of Brazzaville. Methods: This was a prospective cohort study conducted from February to August 2020. Patients hospitalized for chronic heart failure were assigned to an educated group (n = 51) receiving a structured five-session therapeutic patient education program or to a non-educated control group (n = 87) receiving usual care. Outcomes were assessed at three months using the Girerd adherence test, the Minnesota Living with Heart Failure Questionnaire (MLHFQ), and the DERIC knowledge questionnaire. Results: At three-month follow-up, good adherence was observed in 65.3% of educated patients versus 16.9% of controls (p < 0.001). Mean Girerd score was 0.6 ± 0.9 in the educated group versus 3.2 ± 2.3 in controls (p < 0.001). Good quality of life was achieved in 83.7% of educated patients versus 40.3% of controls (p < 0.001). Mean Minnesota score was 12.3 ± 15.1 versus 50.1 ± 30.2, respectively (p < 0.001). Sufficient knowledge of heart failure was found in 69.4% of educated patients versus 13.9% of controls (p < 0.001). Rehospitalization rate was 7.8% in the educated group versus 22.9% in controls (p = 0.02). Mortality was 3.9% versus 19.5% respectively (p = 0.01). Conclusion: Therapeutic patient education was associated with significant improvements in treatment adherence, quality of life, disease knowledge, and short-term clinical outcomes in patients with heart failure in a sub-Saharan African setting.
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