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磷石膏氟化物在包气带–含水层系统中的迁移特征研究
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Abstract:
为研究污染物在包气带–含水层中的迁移特征，以磷石膏渗滤液中氟化物为例，通过建立包气带–含水层污染物迁移耦合模型，对磷石膏堆存不同时期污染物的迁移规律进行模拟分析。结果表明：包气带对污染物的垂向迁移产生不同的阻滞效应，有效降低了初期进入含水层的污染物浓度；雨季含水层中污染物水平迁移方向变化复杂，污染物迁移速率更快，污染范围更大，污染管控治理难度高；旱季污染物迁移方向相对单一，表现出相对慢的迁移速率和小的扩散范围，但含水层中污染物累积程度更高，导致污染物浓度也更高，不利于污染物的扩散，污染管控治理难度相对小。研究结果对于包气带–含水层系统水污染治理和风险管控提供一定依据。
To investigate the migration characteristics of pollutants in the vadose zone-aquifer system, this paper takes fluoride in phosphogypsum leachate as the research object. A coupled numerical model for pollutant migration in the vadose zone-aquifer system was established to simulate and analyze the migration laws of pollutants during different stacking periods of phosphogypsum. The results show that: the vadose zone exerts varying retardation effects on the vertical migration of pollutants, which effectively reduces the concentration of pollutants entering the aquifer in the initial stage; in the rainy season, the horizontal migration direction of pollutants in the aquifer is complex, accompanied by faster migration rate and larger pollution scope, leading to high difficulty in pollution control and remediation; in the dry season, the migration direction of pollutants is relatively single, showing a slower migration rate and smaller diffusion range, whereas the cumulative degree of pollutants in the aquifer is higher, resulting in higher pollutant concentration, which is not conducive to pollutant diffusion, but the difficulty of pollution control and remediation is relatively lower. The research findings provide a scientific basis for water pollution control and risk management in the vadose zone-aquifer system.
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