Clinical Outcome of Gynaecomastia Surgery Cases—An Eight-Years Retrospective Study

Objectives: Gynecomastia is a diffuse benign enlargement of the male breast. Its incidence has been increasing recently, especially among young males. This study aims to analyze the outcome of the gynecomastia cases operated at a tertiary care center and assess its clinical correlation. Patients and Methods: The medical records of patients operated on for 8 years (between January 2015 and December 2022) at the Plastic Surgery Department, were reviewed. This 8-year retrospective study analyzed the demographic data, the history and clinical picture of the gynecomastia presentation, and the surgeries performed with the postoperative complications. Results: A total of 196 patients were included in the study. The mean age was 31.2 years (16 - 51 years). The mean duration of gynecomastia was 4.9 years (2 months - 37 years). 59 patients had primary gynecomastia since puberty (30.1%), while 137 patients had secondary gynecomastia (69.9%). 101 of the patients had a history of hormonal injections (51.5%), while 95 patients denied receiving these injections (48.5%). 97 cases had 2ry gynaecomastia and received hormonal injections (70.8% of the 2ry gynaecomastia cases). 130 cases complained of swelling of the breasts and 114 complained of tenderness. Bilateral gynaecomastia was found in 169 cases (86.2%) and unilateral in the rest 27 cases (13.8%). 20 cases underwent liposuction surgery, 36 cases had retroareolar discs excision, 105 cases had liposuction with retroareolar discs excision, 8 cases had Doughnut procedure while 15 cases had both doughnut and liposuction done. Mastectomy with nipple areolae graft was done in 10 cases. 32 patients (16.16%) had postoperative complications in the form of early complications of haematoma in 6 cases and seroma in 2 cases. Delayed complications included recurrence in 17 cases and hypertrophic scars in 4 cases while 2 patients complained of asymmetry and one patient had chronic left axillary nerve irritation. Conclusion: The incidence of gynecomastia increases with hormonal and protein intake. The incidence of postoperative complications had no significant relation to the type of surgery performed in our cases.