The theory that gravitons lose energy thru gravitational redshift while traveling against the force of a gravitational field is applied to spiral and dwarf galaxy rotation curves. A new coupling function for the graviton redshift energy is described which improves the predicting power of the theory. Fits are made to the rotation curves of both high and low surface brightness galaxies. Furthermore, for some of the galaxies, as a demonstration of the versatility of the theory, it is shown how adjustments to the mass profile velocities can reduce the error of the fit of the predicted to the observed rotation curve, thus giving feedback to the observing process. The energy of the gravitational redshift of gravitons is a viable candidate for dark matter in galaxies.
References
[1]
Oliveira, F.J. (2022) Theory of Gravitons in Spiral and Dwarf Galaxy Rotation Curves. Journal of High Energy Physics, Gravitation and Cosmology, 8, 810-834. https://doi.org/10.4236/jhepgc.2022.83055
[2]
Einstein, A. (1952) The Foundation of the General Theory of Relativity. Dover Publications, Inc.
[3]
http://astroweb.cwru.edu/SPARC/
[4]
Lelli, F., McGaugh, S.S. and Schombert, J.M. (2016) SPARC: Mass Models for 175 Disk Galaxies with Spitzer Photometry and Accurate Rotation Curves. The Astronomical Journal, 152, 157-170. https://doi.org/10.3847/0004-6256/152/6/157
[5]
McGaugh, S.S. (2005) The Baryonic Tully-Fisher Relation of Galaxies with Extended Rotation Curves and the Stellar Mass of Rotating Galaxies. The Astrophysical Journal, 632, 859-871. https://doi.org/10.1086/432968
[6]
Lelli, F., McGaugh, S.S. and Schombert, J.M. (2016) The Small Scatter of the Baryonic Tully-Fisher Relation. The Astrophysical Journal Letters, 816, L14-L19. https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8205/816/1/l14
[7]
Schutz, B. (2022) A First Course in General Relativity. 3rd Edition, Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/9781108610865
[8]
Misner, C.W., Thorne, K.S. and Wheeler, J.A. (1973) Gravitation. W.H. Freeman Princeton University Press.
[9]
Deur, A. (2009) Implications of Graviton-Graviton Interaction to Dark Matter. Physics Letters B, 676, 21-24. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physletb.2009.04.060
[10]
Sadun, A., Salmon, B., Evans, C. and Asadi-Zeydabadi, M. (2024) Dark Matter Density Profiles of Selected Spiral Galaxies. International Journal of Astronomy and Astrophysics, 14, 172-183. https://doi.org/10.4236/ijaa.2024.143011
[11]
Rothman, T. and Boughn, S. (2024) Can Gravitons Be Detected? https://arxiv.org/pdf/gr-qc/0601043
[12]
Oliveira, F.J. (2022) How the Redshift of Gravitons Explains Dark Matter and Dark Energy. Journal of Modern Physics, 13, 1348-1368. https://doi.org/10.4236/jmp.2022.1311084
[13]
Oliveira, F.J. (2023) New Insights into the Action of Gravitons in Spiral Galaxies. Journal of High Energy Physics, Gravitation and Cosmology, 9, 968-983.
[14]
Rovelli, C., Weinberg, S.C., Landshoff, P. and Nelson, D.R. (2008) Quantum Gravity. Cambridge Monographs on Mathematical Physics. Cambridge University Press (Virtual Publishing).
[15]
Zee, A. (2003) Quantum Field Theory in a Nutshell. Princeton University Press.
[16]
Feynman, R.P., Morinigo, F.B., Wagner, W.G. and Hatfield, B. (1995) Feynman Lectures on Gravitation. Addison-Wesley.
