Organoid Intelligence (OI) represents a groundbreaking convergence of biology and technology, aiming to redefine biocomputing using brain organoids—three-dimensional neural structures derived from human stem cells. This journal explores OI’s core concepts, its ability to process information compared to silicon-based artificial intelligence (AI), and its promising applications in healthcare, such as modelling neurological diseases, advancing personalized medicine, and enhancing AI-supported drug discovery. While OI offers exciting possibilities, we temper enthusiasm with a realistic look at its current limits, presenting new data from a small-scale experiment on organoid electrical activity. We also deepen the discussion of ethical challenges, including moral status and consent, and propose initial steps toward addressing technical hurdles like scalability. OI’s potential is vast, but its development demands careful ethical and practical navigation.
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