The injection of biogas into the natural gas distribution network and/or its use as biofuel requires additional treatment. This treatment is commonly called purification and/or enrichment. The idea of biogas purification arises from the fact that, in its raw state, the gas obtained after anaerobic fermentation contains several impurities in varying proportions, such as (25% - 50%) carbon dioxide, traces of hydrogen sulphide (0.005% - 2%), oxygen (0% - 1%), nitrogen (0% - 2%), siloxanes (0% - 0.02%), ammonia (<1%) and halogenated hydrocarbons, (VOC < 0.6%) and water vapor fractions. Once this treatment has been carried out, biomethane (CH4) is obtained which is approximately 99.99% pure. Thus, several technologies are used nowadays for a more rational use of biogas according to the fields of application. These biogas treatment processes differ from each other from a technological point of view but also in terms of efficiency. Therefore, we have set ourselves the goal of summarizing the existing purification methods in order to compare them in terms of efficiency, environmental friendliness, and the cost of maintaining the installations. Given that environmental considerations are central to our thinking, the use of technologies that employ natural filters such as microalgae seems to be the most appropriate approach if we are particularly concerned with preserving our ecosystem.
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