高层建筑火灾隐患分析与综合治理策略研究
Analysis of Fire Hazard and Comprehensive Management Strategy of High-Rise Buildings

随着我国经济的发展和建筑技术的进步，既有高层建筑的数量越来越多。但是由于既有高层建筑相较于低层建筑来说具有更大的火灾危险性，在发生火灾之后很容易造成重大的人员伤亡和财产损失，因此，对既有高层建筑消防安全隐患的探讨及防控措施有着重要意义。针对既有高层建筑的特点，并结合某实际项目的相关资料和消防部门检测的真实数据，从疏散系统的有效性不足、消防设施配置有缺陷、日常维护管理不到位三大方面着手，分析出既有高层建筑消防安全隐患存在的三个主要问题，即疏散系统效能不足、消防设施配置缺陷、日常维护管理缺失，并针对该问题进行整改的对策研究。通过将上述的研究和探讨总结成“隐患识别–风险评估–对策优化”技术路径的方法，在一定程度上提升了既有高层建筑的火险防控能力，降低了事故发生的概率。
With the rapid development of the economy and construction technology of China, the number of high-rise buildings has increased continuously. However, the fire risk of high-rise buildings is significantly higher than that of low-rise buildings. Once the fire occurs, it is easy to cause heavy casualties and property losses. Therefore, analyzing fire hazards in high-rise buildings and implementing effective prevention measures are critical tasks for fire safety management, and taking effective prevention and control measures. Based on the characteristics of the high-rise buildings, the case analysis, and the measured data of fire department, three core problems of high-rise building fire safety hazard were identified and analyzed systematically, by three factors: efficiency of evacuation system, defects of fire control facilities configuration, and lack of daily maintenance management. Then, the intelligent fire control system was put forward in view of the sustained upgrade, and the dynamic management of evacuation channel. Whose technology path “Hidden danger identification → Risk assessment → Countermeasure optimization” is established to improve the capacity of fire prevention, which reduces the occurrence of safety accidents of high-rise buildings.