Adolescences Hypertension: A Late Case of Coarctation of Aorta: A Case Report and Short Review of Literature

Coarctation of the Aorta (CoA) is a common Congenital Heart Disease (CHD) presenting with many symptoms and signs, in any age group. From its dramatic appearance as a part of Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome(HLHS), to early Congestive Heart Failure(CHF)in neonatal and early infantile age, to undetected Hypertension (HTN) in adolescence or even late adulthood. The aim of this case report and short review is to present this unique CHD, underline the presentation of late detected CoA, the use of cardiac CT to assess severity and plan surgical treatment. Finally, to discuss the bourdon of treating resistant HTN even after successful surgical treatment. This difficult to control by pharmacotherapy, HTN and the late complications of persistent uncontrolled HTN for the Cardiovascular System(CVS), are the principle reasons for these patients to have a long-life follow-up. This population, while aging, will face important and increasing morbidity and mortality. Keywords: Coarctation of Aorta; Late Detection of CoA; Hypertension Secondary to CoA; Cardiac CT Scan Abbreviations: CoA:arctation of the Aorta; re-CoA: Recoarctation; CHD: Congenital Heart Disease; HLHS: Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome; HTN: Hypertension; DA: Ductus Arteriosus; IAA: Interrupted Aortic Arch; BP: Blood Pressure; LCOS: Low Cardiac Output Syndrome; CHF: Congestive Heart Failure; DAo: Descending Aorta; (pm)VSD: perimembranus Ventricular Septal Defect; BAov: Aortic Bicuspid valve; AovS: Aortic valve stenosis; PDA: Patent Ductus Arteriosus; Mv: Mitral valve; LVOT: Left Ventricular Outflow Tract; ECG: Electrocardiography;Echo-2D: Transthoracic Echocardiography-2D; LVPO or VO: Left Ventricular Pressure Overload or Volume Overload; VSD: Ventricular Septal Defect; c-MRI: cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging; cv-CT: cardiovascular Computer Tomography; CAD: Coronary Artery Disease; CVS: Cardiovascular System; BA: Balloon Angioplasty; LVH: Left Ventricular Hypertrophy; LV: Left Ventricular; b-Blockers: beta-Blockers; ACE-I: ACE inhibitors; ARBs: Angiotensin Receptor Blocker