脂质代谢和肝纤维化关系的研究进展

肝纤维化是多种慢性肝病进程中的关键病理过程，若未得到抑制或逆转可进展为肝硬化甚至肝癌。肝星状细胞活化是肝纤维化过程中的关键环节，而脂质代谢与其密切相关。肝脏内多种脂质代谢的变化可通过影响细胞能量代谢、细胞外基质合成等途径改变代谢微环境，从而促进肝星状细胞活化、导致肝纤维化。本文综述肝脏内脂质代谢变化激活肝星状细胞的途径（脂质代谢、固醇代谢和磷脂代谢）及其与肝纤维化形成的关系，以期从肝脏脂质代谢通路的角度为预防和逆转肝纤维化提供新的参考。
Liver fibrosis is a key pathological process in a variety of chronic liver diseases, and it may progress to liver cirrhosis, even liver cancer if not inhibited or reversed. The activation of hepatic stellate cell (HSC) is a key in the process of hepatic fibrosis, and it is related to lipid metabolism. Metabolism change of many kinds of lipids in liver regulates the metabolic microenvironment by affecting cellular energy metabolism, and extracellular matrix synthesis, etc., thereby promoting the activation of HSC and liver fibrosis. This article reviewed the pathways (lipid metabolism, sterol metabolism and phospholipid metabolism), by which metabolism change of lipids in liver activates HSC, and the relationship between lipid metabolism change and liver fibrosis, providing a new perspective for preventing and reversing liver fibrosis through the signal pathway of lipid metabolism