Software Watermarking Through Obfuscated Interpretation: Implementation and Analysis

A robust software watermarking scheme under which the watermark can resist against various attacks including collusion attacks is proposed based on obfuscated interpretation. The idea is to spread the watermark over the entire program by modifying instruction frequencies. The obfuscated interpretation technique is introduced into the scheme to not only hide the functionality of a given program but also provide an alternative simple way to manipulate the instruction frequencies so that embeds the watermark. A series of experimental results show that the proposed watermark can resist against various semantics-preserving transformations and collusion attacks as well.