Numerical Simulation of the effects of Underlying Surfaces on the Climate Change
气候变化中下垫面作用的数值模拟

A three-dimensional model is used to simulate the effects of the underlying surfaces on the climate change. Two experiments with uniform and one with nonuniform underlying surfaces are carried out.The results show that the basic properties of the climate in the monsoon areas of the Eastern Hemisphere are mainly determined by the land-sea contrast and the topography. However the detailed characteristics are strongly affected by the properties and the initial moisture of the underlying surface soil, which can affect the climate not only in the same area but also in the vicinities through the interactions of the circulations. The cause of formation of the Sahara dasert is much likely the result of the longtime effect of the basic climate patterns induced by the land-sea distribution and the Tibetan Plateau topography.