Revigorización y clonación de yemas adultas de árboles de olivo: establecimiento in vitro de microinjertos

grafting and in vitro micrografting techniques combined with the application of growth regulators, ga3, ba and 2-ip were used to promoting reinvigoration processes of olive (olea europaea l.) adult buds. the adaptation process of adult buds taken from field trees was carried out through cleft-graft in greenhouse conditions. apical, middle, and basal stem portions taken from mature trees were used as scions and two year old plants used as rootstocks. after 30 days of grafting, 45 scions were sprayed with 300 mg·l-1-ga3 solution. the highest percentages of viable grafts were quantified in scions coming from middle stem portions and the largest quantity of developed buds were quantified in scions coming from apical stem portions, taken from branches in active growth of productive adult trees. the ga3 did not promote the growth, reactivation and development of axillary buds. after 120 days, the shoot apexes originated from axillary buds and developed in greenhouse were micrografted on clonal rootstocks obtained through nodal shoots in vitro culture; besides, shoot apexes taken from adult trees were micrografted on clonal rootstocks. the scions taken from adult trees and directly micrografted were not viable. on the other hand, the micrografts of scions taken from developed grafts in greenhouse and cultured on ms supplemented with 2 mg·l-1 of 2-ip developed new shoots and axillary buds after 60-90 culture days, thus indicating partial reinvigoration of the adult grafted buds.