An update on immunosuppression for the HIV-positive kidney transplant recipient

the outcome of human immunodeficiency virus (hiv)-positive patients has improved dramatically with the advent of combined antiretroviral therapy. the mortality rate for hiv-positive patients with chronic kidney disease stage 5 is now similar to those without hiv infection, making kidney transplantation an increasingly considered alternative treatment for end-stage renal disease in this population. knowledge of the pharmacokinetics of antiretroviral medications and potential drug-drug interactions between antiretroviral and immunosuppressive medications are critical to the success of transplantation in this setting. the aim of this article is to present the state of the art kidney transplant therapy in hiv-positive patients.