High temperature degradation in power plants and refineries

thermal power plants and refineries around the world share many of the same problems, namely aging equipment, high costs of replacement, and the need to produce more efficiently while being increasingly concerned with issues of safety and reliability. for equipment operating at high temperature, there are many different mechanisms of degradation, some of which interact, and the rate of accumulation of damage is not simple to predict. the paper discusses the mechanisms of degradation at high temperature and methods of assessment of such damage and of the remaining safe life for operation.