Fine structural analysis of the stinger in venom apparatus of the scorpion Euscorpius mingrelicus (Scorpiones: Euscorpiidae)

in this study, the morphology, histology and fine structure of the stinger, a part of the venom apparatus of euscorpius mingrelicus (kessler, 1874) (scorpiones: euscorpiidae) were studied by light microscopy and transmission electron microscopy (tem). the stinger, located at the end section of the telson, is sickle-shaped. the venom is ejected through a pair of venom pores on its subterminal portion. both venom ducts extend along the stinger without contact with each other since they are separated by connective tissue cells. the stinger cuticle is composed of two layers. additionally, there are many pore canals and some hemolymph vessels in the cuticle. this work constitutes the first histological and fine structure study on euscorpius mingrelicus stinger.