Choristoneura rosaceana (Harris) and Pandemis pyrusana Kearfott (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) Male Control in Washington State (USA) Apple Orchards Treated with Different Source Densities of Several Attracticide Formulations

this is the first report on attracticides loaded with 1.6 or 16% pheromone, with or without 6% permethrin, tested for choristoneura rosaceana (harris) and pandemis pyrusana kearfott male control. different densities of attracticide sources (750-3,600 droplets ha-1) homogeneously applied on the canopy were compared in apple (malus pumila mill.) orchards. before attracticide application, no differences in male captures using pheromone baited trap were observed. afterwards, a significant reduction of captures occurred along with the increasing pheromone concentration, when larger density sources were used. the addition of permethrin into the attracticide formulation, however, did not significantly improve the reduction of males. overall, these results suggest that mating disruption or other mechanism, instead of the killing effect attributed to attracticides, controlled males. the attracticide formulations matrix reported is suggested to be tested as an alternative to the current ones used for mating disruption.？ it is suggested to test the attracticide formulation matrix reported as an alternative to the current ones used for mating distuption.