Relación de la resistencia a la insulina con la estructura, la función cardiaca y el metabolismo en adultos jóvenes no obesos

introduction: although insulin resistance is related to alterations in cardiac structure and function, and lipids and glucose metabolism in type 2 diabetics and obese individuals, it is unknown if these changes occur in young adults neither obese nor diabetic. objective: to evaluate the relationship between insulin resistance, cardiac structure and function, and metabolism in nonobese, young adults. materials and methods: this is a cross-sectional study, in young adults between 17 and 44 years of age, who were evaluated for cardiovascular risk. results: 249 individuals were included with a mean age of 24.7 ± 6.7 years and a body mass index (bmi) of 22.2 ± 2.9 kg/m2. the individuals with insulin resistance had greater mean bmi, systolic arterial pressure (sap) and unfavorable changes in lipids and glucose metabolism (p value < 0.05). in the 5th quintile of the index of insulin resistance, homa (homa-ir) a greater mean posterior wall thickness during left ventricle systole, greater ejection fraction and endocardial fractional shortening (p value < 0.05) was found. between 1st and 5th quintile of the homa-ir there were no differences in the cardiac mass or diastolic function. correlation between the homa-ir and some echocardiographic measurements appeared during ventricular systole. conclusion: nonobese young adults with insulin resistance present with unfavorable changes in their lipid and glucose metabolism, an increase in myocardial shortening and left ventricle systolic function, which suggest a greater cardiac stimulation and contractility due to activation of the sympathetic tone.