Compacidad en celdas aplicada al dise？o de zonas electorales

the design of electoral zones is a complex problem which aims at ensuring democracy through the application of conditions such as population balance, contiguity and compactness. this paper proposes a new measure of compactness, which uses a mesh formed with square cells to measure the quality of the electoral zones. for this, we chose a real case whose topographical settings cause some traditional measures of compactness to give very poor quality results. due to the computational complexity of the problem, an algorithm was designed based on simulated annealing. the results show that the new measure favors the creation of high quality zones with straight forms and avoids dispersed or twisted figures while having a minor effect in the population balance.