？Pirámides y palmeras o pirámides y faraones?: Adaptación y validación de un test de asociación semántica al espa？ol rioplatense

semantic memory is a long term memory system proposed by tulving (2000) that stores objects, words, and general world knowledge's meanings without connection with any particular time or place. conceptual knowledge is mostly shared across individuals in a given culture, although its precise scope depends on the individual's experience (hodges & patterson,1997; patterson & hodges, 1995). semantic memory may be impaired in many neurological disorders. this disruption may be attributed to pathology in the infer-lateral temporal lobes. patients with semantic dementia have difficulties with objects and words meanings (budson & price, 2005). pyramids and palm trees test is one of the most used measures to assess acquired semantic impairments (howard & patterson, 1992). it's a semantic association test and has six different administration modalities: pictorial, verbal, and combined. this test contains 52 triads. the english normative data from the original pyramids and palm trees test manual (howard & patterson, 1992) was only obtained in13 young adults, and no participant made morethan three errors. this is a socio-cultural influenced test. the aims of this article are to present the pyramids and palm trees test adaptation and validation to our language (spanish) and cultural context, to compare the 52 triads from the original version with a new and shorter 20 triads version, to assess differences in performance between controls and patients in both tests, and to get cutoff scores on both versions. a computerized version of the original test (52 triads) plus 14 new triads (66 triads in total) were administered to 50 volunteers (40 controls and 10 semantic dementia patients). presentation program was used to present the stimulus. non frequent cultural associations were omitted: (a) windmill, tulip-daffodil, (b) carrot, lamb-donkey, (c) acorns, donkey-pig, and (d) eskimo-rowing, boat-kayak. also, others triads were slightly modified: (a) caterpillar, butterfly-dragonfly by c