Experimental aerodynamics is an essential aspect when it comes to investigating the properties of fluid flow, verifying computer simulations, and improving the performance of aerodynamics of mechanical engineering applications. This paper presents a review of new developments in wind tunnels, aerodynamic testing methods, optical diagnostic tools of flow, and experimental flow control methods. Modern technologies such as Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV), Laser Doppler Velocimetry (LDV), Pressure-Sensitive Paint (PSP), and Schlieren visualization are described together with their use in automotive engineering, wind energy, turbomachinery, HVAC systems, and unmanned aerial vehicles. Some of the challenges faced by today’s experimental aerodynamics and future trends are also considered. Thus, this review shows that advanced experimental methods are crucial for aerodynamic research and will further facilitate the development of efficient and sustainable mechanical engineering systems.
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