Chronic Kidney Disease: Epidemiological, Clinical, and Paraclinical Characteristics at the Nephrology Unit of the Fousseyni Daou Hospital in Kayes, Mali
Introduction: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a major public health issue. In Kayes, there are little data on CKD, hence the interest of our study, which aimed to describe the epidemiological, clinical, and paraclinical profile of patients with chronic kidney disease at the nephrology unit of Fousseyni Daou Hospital in Kayes. Materials and methods: This was a prospective, single-center, cross-sectional, descriptive study conducted from January 1 to December 31, 2022. All patients diagnosed with chronic renal failure in the aforementioned department during the study period with a complete medical record were included. Results: Of the 169 patients under follow-up, 77 met our inclusion criteria, representing a frequency of 45.56%. Women accounted for 53% of the sample, with a sex ratio of 0.8. The mean age was 50.97 ± 16.33 years, with extremes of 11 and 80 years. The 16 - 45 age group accounted for 40.2% of cases. Hypertension (67.5%, 52 cases) and diabetes (7.8%, 6 cases) were the main medical histories among our patients. The mean creatinine level was 1200.81 μmol/L, with extremes of 208 and 3453 μmol/L. Renal failure was end-stage in 80.5% (62 cases), severe in 18.2% (14 cases), and moderate in 1.3% (1 case). The most common criterion for severity was hyperkalemia, accounting for 27.3% of cases. The outcome was favorable in 63.6% of patients, with stabilization of renal function through conservative treatment. Conclusion: Chronic renal failure is a fairly common condition affecting young adults in disadvantaged areas. Clinical manifestations were polymorphic, dominated by uremic syndrome.
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