乡村振兴背景下辽宁沿海地区休闲渔业资源开发效率及影响因素研究
Development Efficiency and Influencing Factors of Recreational Fishery Resources in Coastal Liaoning under Rural Revitalization

目的：在乡村振兴与辽宁沿海经济带协同背景下，对沿海六市休闲渔业资源开发的相对转换效率进行探索性评价，并识别影响因素。方法：以大连、丹东、锦州、营口、盘锦、葫芦岛为决策单元。鉴于市级休闲渔业营业收入、就业和资本等直接统计尚不完整，利用2024年统计公报构建资源开发强度、服务资本占用、农村增收和经济产出代理指标，采用投入导向CCR-DEA开展代理性测算，并结合既有文献与近三年公开报道补充考察生态可持续性和社会公平性。结果：在本研究构建的代理模型下，丹东、锦州、盘锦和葫芦岛位于样本相对前沿，大连、营口的代理效率值分别为0.723和0.824；大连数据表现出投入与产出不匹配及X1额外松弛特征，但这不能等同于其真实休闲渔业“低效率”，仍需直接行业数据验证。交通可达性、接待服务、产业融合、数字化、生态承载和利益联结共同影响资源转化。结论：DEA分数仅是比较线索，不宜等同于发展质量。最优先应建立辽宁沿海六市统一的休闲渔业统计数据库，在此基础上完善分区开发、社区增收和生态约束，并以面板数据、SBM和空间计量模型进一步检验。
Objective: Under the background of rural revitalization and Liaoning coastal economic belt, the relative conversion efficiency of leisure fishery resources development in six coastal cities was evaluated exploringly, and the influencing factors were identified. Methods: Dalian, Dandong, Jinzhou, Yingkou, Panjin and Huludao were taken as decision-making units. In view of the incomplete direct statistics of business income, employment and capital of municipal leisure fishery, the 2024 statistical bulletin was used to construct proxy indicators of resource development intensity, service capital occupation, rural income increase and economic output, and the input-oriented CCR-DEA was used to carry out proxy calculation, and the ecological sustainability and social equity were supplemented by combining existing literature and public reports in recent three years. Results: Under the agency model constructed in this study, Dandong, Jinzhou, Panjin and Huludao are at the front of the sample, and the agency efficiency values of Dalian and Yingkou are 0.723 and 0.824 respectively. The data of Dalian shows the mismatch between input and output and the extra relaxation of X1, but this cannot be equated with the “inefficiency” of its real recreational fishery, and it still needs to be verified by direct industry data. Traffic accessibility, reception service, industrial integration, digitalization, ecological bearing and interest linkage all affect resource transformation. Conclusion: DEA score is only a comparison clue and should not be equated with development quality. The first priority should be to establish a unified statistical database of leisure fisheries in six coastal cities in Liaoning Province, and on this basis, improve the development of districts, increase the income of communities and ecological constraints, and further test it with panel data, SBM and spatial econometric model.