Non-Traumatic Abdominal Surgical Emergencies: Epidemiological, Clinical and Therapeutic Aspects in the Surgery Department at CMC Matam, Conakry (Guinea)
Introduction: The aim of this study was to contribute to improving the management of abdominal surgical emergencies in the General Surgery Department of the CMC Matam, Conakry (Guinea). Methods: This was a 5-year retrospective descriptive study (January 1, 2021-December 31, 2025) based on the records of patients admitted for abdominal surgical emergencies during the study period. Results: During the study period, 202 cases of non-traumatic abdominal surgical emergencies were collected, representing a hospital prevalence of 10.9%. The mean age was 22.7 ± 9.5 years. The male-to-female sex ratio (M/F) was 0.29. Abdominal pain (100%; n = 202) was the most frequent reason for consultation. The most common etiologies were acute appendicitis (85.6%; n = 173), followed by appendicular peritonitis (11.9%; n = 24). The most frequently used surgical approach was the McBurney incision (85.6%; n = 173), followed by the midline supra/sub-umbilical incision (3.5%; n = 27). Postoperative outcomes were uncomplicated in 98% of cases (n = 198). The mean length of hospital stay was 5.4 days. Conclusion: Among operated patients at CMC Matam, non-traumatic abdominal surgical emergencies were mainly represented by acute appendicitis. Further multicenter prospective studies are needed to better characterize the epidemiology of these emergencies.
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