全部 标题 作者
关键词 摘要

OALib Journal期刊
ISSN: 2333-9721
费用:99美元

查看量下载量

相关文章

更多...

Chemical Composition and Properties of Wheat Sprouts with Reference to 1-Octacosanol

DOI: 10.4236/ajps.2026.178046, PP. 752-772

Keywords: Wheat Sprouts, Polyphenols, Policosanol, Extraction, Thin-Layer Chromatography, Spectroscopy

Full-Text   Cite this paper   Add to My Lib

Abstract:

The aim of this work was to examine the chemical properties of extracts obtained from wheat sprouts, with particular emphasis on the content of 1-octacosanol and phenolic acids, which have antioxidant properties. This study focuses on examining the content of many nutrients in cereals, which potentially increase the functional qualities of food and enrich the daily human diet. Applied UV-Vis technique allowed for analysis of the content of natural dyes in sprouts, which confirmed the presence of β-carotene, chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b. The antioxidant activity of obtained extracts and pure 1-octacosanol at various concentration levels was compared. Applications of TLC showed the presence of many polyphenolic compounds like chlorogenic acid in wheat sprouts. The presence of 1-octacosanol in tested sprouts has been confirmed. Qualitative analyses of samples containing 1-octacosanol were performed using spectroscopic techniques FT-IR. A rapid method for identifying this compound in plant origin samples has been developed.

References

[1]  Owens, G. (2001) Cereals Processing Technology (Vol. 53). CRC Press.
https://doi.org/10.1533/9781855736283
[2]  Serna-Salvidar, S.O (2016) Cereal Grains: Properties, Processing, and Nutritional Attributes. CRC Press.
https://doi.org/10.1201/9781439882092
[3]  Belitz, H.-D., Grosh, W. and Schieberle, P. (2009) Food Chemistry. 4th Revised and Extended Edition. Springer-Verlag, 670-742.
[4]  Venske, E., dos Santos, R.S., Busanello, C., Gustafson, P. and Costa de Oliveira, A. (2019) Bread Wheat: A Role Model for Plant Domestication and Breeding. Hereditas, 156, Article No. 16.
https://doi.org/10.1186/s41065-019-0093-9
[5]  McKevith, B. (2004) Nutritional Aspects of Cereals. Nutrition Bulletin, 29, 111-142.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-3010.2004.00418.x
[6]  Kulp, K. (2000) Handbook of Cereal Science and Technology, Revised and Expanded. CRC Press, 385-387.
https://doi.org/10.1201/9781420027228
[7]  Waliat, S., Arshad, M.S., Hanif, H., Ejaz, A., Khalid, W., Kauser, S., et al. (2023) A Review on Bioactive Compounds in Sprouts: Extraction Techniques, Food Application and Health Functionality. International Journal of Food Properties, 26, 647-665.
https://doi.org/10.1080/10942912.2023.2176001
[8]  Miyahira, R.F., Lopes, J.D.O. and Antunes, A.E.C. (2021) The Use of Sprouts to Improve the Nutritional Value of Food Products: A Brief Review. Plant Foods for Human Nutrition, 76, 143-152.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11130-021-00888-6
[9]  Benincasa, P., Falcinelli, B., Lutts, S., Stagnari, F. and Galieni, A. (2019) Sprouted Grains: A Comprehensive Review. Nutrients, 11, Article 421.
https://doi.org/10.3390/nu11020421
[10]  Singh, S.K., Kumar, S., Kashyap, P.L., Sendhil, R. and Gupta, O.P. (2023) Wheat. In: Ghosh, P.K., Das, A., Saxena, R., Banerjee, K., Kar, G. and Vijay, D., Eds., Trajectory of 75 Years of Indian Agriculture after Independence, Springer, 137-162.
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-7997-2_7
[11]  de Sousa, T., Ribeiro, M., Saben?a, C. and Igrejas, G. (2021) The 10,000-Year Success Story of Wheat! Foods, 10, Article 2124.
https://doi.org/10.3390/foods10092124
[12]  Hasanuzzaman, M., Nahar, K. and Hossain, M.A. (2019) Wheat Production in Changing Environments. Springer.
[13]  Avni, R., Nave, M., Barad, O., Baruch, K., Twardziok, S.O., Gundlach, H., et al. (2017) Wild Emmer Genome Architecture and Diversity Elucidate Wheat Evolution and Domestication. Science, 357, 93-97.
https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aan0032
[14]  Lachuga, Y., Alabushev, A., Pakhomov, V., Ionova, E. and Khliystunov, V. (2019) Physico-Mechanical Characteristics of Connections and Biological Features of Separating Grain from Ear. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 403, Article 012050.
https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/403/1/012050
[15]  Durante, M., Lenucci, M.S., Rescio, L., Mita, G. and Caretto, S. (2012) Durum Wheat By-Products as Natural Sources of Valuable Nutrients. Phytochemistry Reviews, 11, 255-262.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11101-012-9232-x
[16]  Mirek, Z., Pi?ko?-Mirkowa, H., Zaj?c, A. and Zaj?c, M. (2002) Flowering Plants and Pteridophytes of Poland. Checklist. In: Szafer, W., Ed., Biodiversity of Poland, Institute of Botany, Cracow, 21-230.
[17]  Peng, J., Sun, D. and Nevo, E. (2011) Wild Emmer Wheat, ‘Triticum Dicoccoides’, Occupies a Pivotal Position in Wheat Domestication Process. Australian Journal of Crop Science, 5, 1127-1143.
[18]  Tidiane Sall, A., Chiari, T., Legesse, W., Seid-Ahmed, K., Ortiz, R., van Ginkel, M., et al. (2019) Durum Wheat (Triticum durum Desf.): Origin, Cultivation and Potential Expansion in Sub-Saharan Africa. Agronomy, 9, Article 263.
https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy9050263
[19]  Doll, H. (1977) Storage Proteins in Cereals. In: Muhammed, A., Aksel, R. and von Borstel, R.C., Eds. Genetic Diversity in Plants. Basic Life Sciences, Vol. 8, Springer.
[20]  Niroula, A., Khatri, S., Timilsina, R., Khadka, D., Khadka, A. and Ojha, P. (2019) Profile of Chlorophylls and Carotenoids of Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) Microgreens. Journal of Food Science and Technology, 56, 2758-2763.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s13197-019-03768-9
[21]  Grimm, B. and Porr, R.J. (2006) Chlorophylls and Bacteriochlorophylls: Biochemistry, Biophysics, Functions and Applications. Springer, 1-26.
[22]  Shewry, P.R. and Hey, S.J. (2015) The Contribution of Wheat to Human Diet and Health. Food and Energy Security, 4, 178-202.
https://doi.org/10.1002/fes3.64
[23]  Fattal-Valevski, A. (2011) Thiamine (Vitamin B1). Journal of Evidence-Based Complementary & Alternative Medicine, 16, 12-20.
[24]  Bashir, R., Iqbal, S., Awais, M., Afzal, B., Shakoor, M.B. and Iqbal, M. (2023) Thiamine (Vitamin B1) Helps to Regulate Wheat Growth and Yield under Water Limited Conditions by Adjusting Tissue Mineral Content, Cytosolutes and Antioxidative Enzymes. Plant Growth Regulation, 101, 629-642.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10725-023-01045-6
[25]  Goyer, A. (2010) Thiamine in Plants: Aspects of Its Metabolism and Functions. Phytochemistry, 71, 1615-1624.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phytochem.2010.06.022
[26]  Biller, J. and Ferro, J.M. (2014) Neurologic Aspects of Systemic Disease: Part II—Hydrosoluble Vitamins. Elsevier, 891-914.
[27]  Zheng, J., Wang, X., Wu, B., Qiao, L., Zhao, J., Pourkheirandish, M., et al. (2022) Folate (Vitamin B9) Content Analysis in Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Frontiers in Nutrition, 9, Article ID: 933358.
https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2022.933358
[28]  Gharibzahedi, S.M.T. and Jafari, S.M. (2017) The Importance of Minerals in Human Nutrition: Bioavailability, Food Fortification, Processing Effects and Nanoencapsulation. Trends in Food Science & Technology, 62, 119-132.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tifs.2017.02.017
[29]  Chen, J.T., Wesley, R., Shamburek, R.D., Pucino, F. and Csako, G. (2005) Meta‐Analysis of Natural Therapies for Hyperlipidemia: Plant Sterols and Stanols versus Policosanol. Pharmacotherapy: The Journal of Human Pharmacology and Drug Therapy, 25, 171-183.
https://doi.org/10.1592/phco.25.2.171.56942
[30]  Shewry, P.R. (2009) Wheat. Journal of Experimental Botany, 60, 1537-1553.
https://doi.org/10.1093/jxb/erp058
[31]  Lemmens, E., Moroni, A.V., Pagand, J., Heirbaut, P., Ritala, A., Karlen, Y., et al. (2018) Impact of Cereal Seed Sprouting on Its Nutritional and Technological Properties: A Critical Review. Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Food Safety, 18, 305-328.
https://doi.org/10.1111/1541-4337.12414
[32]  Nonogaki, H., Barrero, J.M. and Li, C. (2018) Editorial: Seed Dormancy, Germination, and Pre-Harvest Sprouting. Frontiers in Plant Science, 9, Article ID: 1783.
https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2018.01783
[33]  Joshi, R. (2018) Role of Enzymes in Seed Gemination. International Journal of Creative Research Thoughts, 6, 1481-1485.
[34]  Weitbrecht, K., Müller, K. and Leubner-Metzger, G. (2011) First off the Mark: Early Seed Germination. Journal of Experimental Botany, 62, 3289-3309.
https://doi.org/10.1093/jxb/err030
[35]  Han, C. and Yang, P. (2015) Studies on the Molecular Mechanisms of Seed Germination. Proteomics, 15, 1671-1679.
https://doi.org/10.1002/pmic.201400375
[36]  Bewley, J.D. and Black, M. (1994) Seeds: Physiology of Development and Germination. 2nd Edition, Springer Science & Business Media, 1-115.
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-1002-8
[37]  Kumar, N. and Goel, N. (2019) Phenolic Acids: Natural Versatile Molecules with Promising Therapeutic Applications. Biotechnology Reports, 24, e00370.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.btre.2019.e00370
[38]  Verma, B., Hucl, P. and Chibbar, R.N. (2009) Phenolic Acid Composition and Antioxidant Capacity of Acid and Alkali Hydrolysed Wheat Bran Fractions. Food Chemistry, 116, 947-954.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2009.03.060
[39]  Verma, S., Singh, A. and Mishra, A. (2013) Gallic Acid: Molecular Rival of Cancer. Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology, 35, 473-485.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.etap.2013.02.011
[40]  Graf, E. (1992) Antioxidant Potential of Ferulic Acid. Free Radical Biology and Medicine, 13, 435-448.
https://doi.org/10.1016/0891-5849(92)90184-i
[41]  Boz, H. (2015) P‐Coumaric Acid in Cereals: Presence, Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Effects. International Journal of Food Science & Technology, 50, 2323-2328.
https://doi.org/10.1111/ijfs.12898
[42]  Kili?, I. and Ye?ilo?lu, Y. (2013) Spectroscopic Studies on the Antioxidant Activity of P-Coumaric Acid. Spectrochimica Acta Part A: Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy, 115, 719-724.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.saa.2013.06.110
[43]  Pandi, A. and Kalappan, V.M. (2021) Pharmacological and Therapeutic Applications of Sinapic Acid—An Updated Review. Molecular Biology Reports, 48, 3733-3745.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11033-021-06367-0
[44]  Meng, S., Cao, J., Feng, Q., Peng, J. and Hu, Y. (2013) Roles of Chlorogenic Acid on Regulating Glucose and Lipids Metabolism: A Review. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 2013, Article ID: 801457.
https://doi.org/10.1155/2013/801457
[45]  Naveed, M., Hejazi, V., Abbas, M., Kamboh, A.A., Khan, G.J., Shumzaid, M., et al. (2018) Chlorogenic Acid (CGA): A Pharmacological Review and Call for Further Research. Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, 97, 67-74.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopha.2017.10.064
[46]  Ra, J., Woo, S., Lee, K., Lee, M.J., Kim, H.Y., Ham, H.M., et al. (2020) Policosanol Profiles and Adenosine 5’-Monophosphate-Activated Protein Kinase (AMPK) Activation Potential of Korean Wheat Seedling Extracts According to Cultivar and Growth Time. Food Chemistry, 317, Article 126388.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.126388

Full-Text

Contact Us

service@oalib.com

QQ:3279437679

WhatsApp +8615387084133