This article is dedicated to an in-depth analysis of the responsibility for sexual violence in a legal marriage, with a particular focus on Burundian spouses. Sexual violence within marriage constitutes a serious violation of human rights, with significant repercussions for the victim. This study examines the liability associated with this form of violence among Burundian spouses, highlighting both the civil and criminal aspects of this liability. The objectives of this article are to determine the frequency of sexual violence among married couples in the Mairie of Bujumbura, to identify the etiological factors of sexual violence in marriage, to analyze the legislative aspects surrounding civil and criminal liability in cases of marital sexual violence, and to assess the effectiveness of interventions put in place to prevent and treat cases of sexual violence in marriage. The study used a quantitative approach with a sample of 88 spouses residing in Bujumbura Mairie. Structured questionnaires were distributed and the data collected were statistically analyzed to obtain a clear overview of trends and dynamics. The results show that 40% of couples surveyed reported incidents of sexual violence. This significant percentage highlights the urgent need to address this issue within Burundian society. Among the etiological factors identified, the most frequent included alcoholism (30%), patriarchal culture (25%), and lack of communication (20%). These elements demonstrate the complexity of the causes of sexual violence in marriage. Legislative analysis reveals that although laws exist to protect victims of sexual violence, their enforcement often remains ineffective. Some 60% of respondents were unaware of the legal remedies available, underlining an urgent need for legal awareness and education. This article demonstrates that sexual violence in marriage is a persistent problem among Burundian spouses. The findings underline the need to strengthen legal and social interventions, improve enforcement of existing laws, and raise awareness of victims’ rights. A multidimensional approach is essential to effectively combat this form of violence and protect the rights and dignity of those concerned.
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