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The Single-Rotation Quantum Search Algorithm: Amplitude Amplification with One Oracle Call

DOI: 10.4236/jqis.2026.162006, PP. 161-190

Keywords: Quantum Computing, Grover’s Algorithm, Oracle, Amplitude Amplification, Quantum Circuits, Unitary Matrix, Single-Rotation Quantum Search

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Abstract:

This paper presents the Single-Rotation Quantum Search Algorithm, which achieves amplitude-amplification with exactly one oracle call and one rotation operation. We prove that for unstructured search over N items, a single rotation by π/4 radians is both necessary and sufficient to amplify the marked state probability from 1/N to 1/2. This represents the theoretical minimum: no algorithm can succeed with fewer than one oracle call, and no additional rotations are needed beyond the single π/4 rotation. We provide explicit closed forms for the rotation operator with numerical values, demonstrating complete physical realizability. The algorithm is implemented by one oracle call, one diffusion call, and log(N) reflections. For N = 2n search spaces, the algorithm achieves success probability exactly 1/2 with one iteration, compared to O( N ) iterations for Grover’s algorithm.

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