Study by Simulation of the Impact of Stimulated Brillouin Scattering in a 30 km G.652.D Optical Fiber Link of an 8-Channel DWDM Metropolitan Backbone Network

Stimulated Brillouin Scattering (SBS), a nonlinear optical phenomenon, critically impacts the performance of high-capacity metropolitan backbone networks. In dense wavelength-division multiplexing (DWDM) systems, SBS induces power depletion, signal distortion, and transmission efficiency degradation, posing significant challenges to network reliability and data throughput. This study investigates SBS effects in a metropolitan backbone network using OptiSystem simulation software. As modern fiber networks increasingly operate at elevated optical power levels, nonlinear impairments such as SBS compromise signal integrity and system scalability. Focusing on an 8-channel DWDM architecture over a 30 km G.652.D single-mode fiber link, we evaluate SBS threshold power levels under real-world metropolitan network conditions. By integrating theoretical analysis with simulations, we quantify the trade-offs between input power, data rates, and their cumulative effects on signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and channel capacity. Results demonstrate that SBS-induced performance degradation intensifies sharply when input power exceeds a critical threshold, leading to reduced channel fidelity and constrained network scalability. This study delivers actionable insights for optimizing power budgets and proposes strategies to balance optical power, SNR, and transmission reach in metropolitan-scale DWDM deployments.