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“昆岛石蝴蝶”(苦苣苔科)的重新发现及其系统学与分类学研究
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Abstract:
报道和描述了时隔百年在模式产地越南昆岛(Con Dao)重新发现的苦苣苔科(Gesneriaceae)植物“昆岛石蝴蝶(Petrocosmea condorensis)”。基于分子系统学及形态学证据，表明该物种应归属于广义的肿蒴苣苔属(Loxocarpus)，而非原界定的石蝴蝶属(Petrocosmea)，据此将其分类地位修订并建立新组合：昆岛肿蒴苣苔(Loxocarpus condorensis)。这一分类修订是基于当前证据的最佳方案，但该类群的并系问题仍需要未来更广泛取样的研究来最终确立。同时，本文还基于新采集的实物标本对其花部及果实特征进行了详细性状描述，并对其生境分布和受威胁现状进行了调查与分析，基于IUCN濒危等级评估规范，认为该种目前的濒危等级为“极危CR [B1 + B2ab (iii, v)]”。
The rediscovery of “Petrocosmea condorensis” (Gesneriaceae) after a century at its type locality in Con Dao, Vietnam, is reported and described. Based on integrated evidence from molecular phylogenetics and morphology, the results indicate that this species should be transferred to the genus Loxocarpus sensu lato (s.l.) rather than its originally assigned genus, Petrocosmea. Accordingly, its taxonomic status is revised, and the new combination Loxocarpus condorensis is established. This taxonomic revision represents the best approach based on currently available evidence, but the generic classification of this group remains to be definitively resolved by future studies with broader sampling. Furthermore, detailed character descriptions of the flowers and fruits are provided based on newly collected specimens. Additionally, the habitat distribution and conservation status were investigated and analyzed; according to the IUCN Red List categories and criteria, the species is assessed as “Critically Endangered (CR) [B1 + B2ab (iii, v)]”.
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