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Botanical Research 2026
水稻UDP-糖基转移酶研究进展
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Abstract:
糖基转移酶是生物体内一类至关重要的超家族酶，负责催化活化的糖基供体(如UDP-葡萄糖)与特定的受体分子(包括蛋白质、脂质、激素、次级代谢物等)之间的糖基化反应。这种糖基化修饰是广泛参与植物的生长发育、次生代谢调控、激素平衡稳态维持以及逆境胁迫响应等关键生物学过程的生物体内最重要的修饰反应之一。水稻作为全球最重要的粮食作物之一，同时也是单子叶模式植物，其基因组中编码着庞大的UGT家族。由UDP-糖基转移酶(UGTs)催化的糖基化对于增强类黄酮的溶解度、生物活性和多样性很重要。本文旨在系统综述水稻UDP-糖基转移酶的研究现状，重点围绕其修饰位点、种类、生物学功能以及在作物遗传改良中的应用潜力进行阐述，在此基础上展望其未来研究方向，以期为水稻功能基因组学研究和高效育种工作的推进提供重要的理论参考。最后，本文对当前研究面临的挑战和未来发展方向进行了展望，以期为水稻糖基转移酶的深入研究和实践应用提供全面的参考依据。
Glycosyltransferases is a crucial superfamily of enzymes in organisms, responsible for catalyzing the glycosylation reactions between activated sugar donors (such as UDP-glucose) and specific acceptor molecules (including proteins, lipids, hormones, secondary metabolites, etc.). This glycosylation modification is one of the most important modification reactions in organisms, widely involved in key biological processes such as plant growth and development, regulation of secondary metabolism, maintenance of hormone homeostasis, and responses to abiotic stress. Oryza sativa L., as one of the most important food crops in the world and a model monocot plant, has a large UGT family encoded in its genome. Glycosylation catalyzed by UDP-Glycosyltransferases (UGTs) is important for enhancing the solubility, bioactivity, and diversity of flavonoids. This paper aims to systematically review the current research on UDP-glycosyltransferases in rice, focusing on their modification sites, types, biological functions, and potential applications in crop genetic improvement. Based on this, it also looks forward to future research directions, intending to provide important theoretical references for the advancement of functional genomics research and efficient breeding work in rice. Finally, this paper discusses the current challenges and future development directions in this field, aiming to offer a comprehensive reference for in-depth research and practical applications of rice glycosyltransferases.
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