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自组装多肽水凝胶的制备、设计、性能及应用研究进展
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Abstract:
自组装多肽水凝胶是一类由氨基酸通过酰胺键连接构成的功能性超分子材料，具有纯度高、无免疫原性、降解产物无毒、生物相容性优良等特点。其形成过程中，多肽分子通过分子内与分子间的非共价相互作用，发生分级组装，构建出与细胞外基质结构相似的三维网络，因而在生物医学领域具有独特而重要的应用价值。本文梳理了自组装多肽水凝胶的制备方法、分子设计要素与关键性能，阐述了该类材料在抗癌治疗、药物递送、抗菌与伤口愈合、组织工程等方面的代表性应用及其作用机制，展望了其未来可能的发展，期望可以为自组装多肽水凝胶的深入研究与实际应用提供系统而全面的参考。
Selft-assembling peptide hydrogel is a class of functional supramolecular materials formed by amino acids linked via amide bonds, which has the characteristics of high purity, no immunogenicity, non-toxic degradation products, and excellent biocompatibility. During its formation, peptide molecules undergo hierarchical assembly through intramolecular and intermolecular noncovalent interactions, constructing a three-dimensional network similar in structure to the extracellular matrix. Therefore, it has unique and important application value in the biomedical field. In this paper, the preparation methods, molecular design elements and key properties of self-assembled peptide hydrogels were reviewed. The representative applications and mechanisms of these materials in anti-cancer treatment, drug delivery, antibacterial and wound healing, tissue engineering and other aspects were described. The possible development direction of self-assembling peptide hydrogels was prospected, with the aim of providing a systematic and comprehensive reference for the in-depth study and practical application of self-assembled peptide hydrogels.
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