Epidemiological and Anatomo-Pathological Aspects of Gastric Cancers Diagnosed in the Pathological Cytology and Anatomy Department of the Brazzaville University Hospital
Introduction: Gastric cancer is a common cancer worldwide. It ranks fourth in cancer mortality among men and fifth among women. It is diagnosed by esophagogastroduodenal fibroscopy and relies on pathological analysis. The objective of this study was to describe the epidemiological profile and histopathological characteristics of gastric cancers diagnosed at the Brazzaville University Hospital Center (CHU-B). Methods: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study with retrospective data collection, conducted in the pathology and cytology department of the CHU-B over a five-year period, from January 2020 to December 2024. Data was collected from the archives of pathological reports. Results: A total of 80 cases of gastric cancer were identified, with a frequency of 3.8% of all cancers in general. Median age was 54 years. Biopsies accounted for 88.7% of the samples. The most common histological type was adenocarcinoma in 86.3% of cases, most often in its classic tubular variant with 75.4%. Conclusion: Gastric cancers diagnosed at CHU-B mainly affect males, and the most common histopathological form is tubular adenocarcinoma.
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