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复合水凝胶在大气水收集中的研究进展与性能优化策略
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Abstract:
全球水资源短缺已成为紧迫问题，大气集水(AWH)技术为缓解水资源短缺问题开辟了全新路径。水凝胶凭借三维网络结构、高溶胀率、结构可调节性等核心优势，逐渐成为大气集水领域的关键材料。通过引入吸湿组分、光热组分等功能单元，复合水凝胶的水吸附能力持续提升，且能高效促进水分释放。本文综述了已报道的复合水凝胶分类体系，并探讨了提升复合水凝胶AWH性能的核心技术路径，最后对该领域的潜在突破方向与未来前景进行了深入展望。
Global water scarcity has evolved into an urgent global challenge, and atmospheric water harvesting (AWH) technology has paved an innovative avenue for alleviating this crisis. Thanks to its core merits including three-dimensional network structure, high swelling ratio and structural tunability, hydrogel has gradually emerged as a pivotal material in the field of AWH. By incorporating functional moieties such as hygroscopic and photothermal components, the water adsorption capacity of composite hydrogels has been continuously enhanced, accompanied by efficient facilitation of water release. This review summarizes the reported classification systems of composite hydrogels, discusses the core technical pathways for enhancing their AWH performance, and finally presents an in-depth outlook on the potential breakthrough directions and future prospects of this research field.
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