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电子穿梭体强化土壤微生物燃料电池污染修复研究进展
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Abstract:
土壤微生物燃料电池(SMFC)作为一种原位、低能耗的绿色修复技术，在治理土壤有机污染领域极具应用前景。然而，土壤基质的高内阻特性及微生物与阳极间的弱接触严重限制了胞外电子传递(EET)效率，成为制约SMFC工程化应用的核心瓶颈。电子穿梭体(ESs)作为一种可逆的氧化还原介体，能够有效克服空间位阻，在微生物与电极间构建高效的电子传递通道。本文系统综述了电子穿梭体在SMFC中的多维作用机制，包括降低界面活化能、促进污染物增溶等；重点分析了常见的几种不同类型穿梭体的理化特性及其在有机污染物修复中的应用效能。最后，文章对未来低成本、环境友好型穿梭体的开发及固定化技术提出了展望，以期为提升土壤生物电化学修复效率提供理论依据。
Soil microbial fuel cells (SMFC) represent an in-situ, low-energy green remediation technology with significant application potential in addressing soil organic contamination. However, the high internal resistance of soil matrices and the poor contact between microorganisms and anodes severely limit extracellular electron transfer (EET) efficiency, constituting a core bottleneck for SMFC engineering applications. Electron shuttles (ESs), as reversible redox mediators, effectively overcome steric hindrance by establishing efficient electron transfer pathways between microorganisms and electrodes. This paper systematically reviews the multidimensional mechanisms of electron shuttles in SMFCs, including reducing interfacial activation energy and promoting pollutant solubilization. It focuses on analyzing the physicochemical properties of several common shuttle types and their application efficacy in organic pollutant remediation. Finally, the article outlines prospects for developing low-cost, environmentally friendly shuttles and immobilization techniques, aiming to provide theoretical foundations for enhancing the efficiency of soil bioelectrochemical remediation.
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