Introduction: During pregnancy, physiological changes lead to increased thyroid activity. In some cases, this thyroid hyperfunction may become pathological. In Senegal, the most recent data on the prevalence of hyperthyroidism during pregnancy date back to 2003. Therefore, we aimed to determine the hospital prevalence, sociodemographic characteristics, and information regarding the need for contraception in this association in a hospital setting in Dakar. Methodology: We conducted a prospective and retrospective, descriptive study from January 1, 2018, to June 30, 2023, in the Endocrinology-Diabetology-Nutrition Department of the National Hospital Center (CHN) of Pikine. All patients followed for hyperthyroidism during pregnancy over this period were included. Results: Forty patients were included. The prevalence of pregnancy among women followed for hyperthyroidism was 2%. The mean age was 29.63 years. A family history of hyperthyroidism was found in 12.5% of patients. Among patients previously followed for hyperthyroidism, 52% reported not being informed of the need for contraception. The mean gravidity was 2.85 and the mean parity was 1.37. Primiparity concerned 35% of patients. The mean gestational age at the first endocrinology consultation was 14 weeks of amenorrhea. Conclusion: The prevalence of this association remains high in our setting. The results also highlight a lack of information regarding the necessity of contraception. Multidisciplinary collaboration and appropriate follow-up are essential, as they determine prognosis.
References
[1]
Alexander, E.K., Pearce, E.N., Brent, G.A., Brown, R.S., Chen, H., Dosiou, C., et al. (2017) 2017 Guidelines of the American Thyroid Association for the Diagnosis and Management of Thyroid Disease during Pregnancy and the Postpartum. Thyroid, 27, 315-389. https://doi.org/10.1089/thy.2016.0457
[2]
Zakiri, B. (2023) Les hyperthyroïdies gravidiques. Medical Thesis, Université Cadi Ayyad, No. 0315, 141 p.
[3]
Chazot, F.B. and Caron, P. (2017) Thyroïde et Grossesse. https://www.sfdiabete.org/files/files/JNDES/2017/jndes_2017_borson.pdf
[4]
Gadiaga, A. (2003) Etude sur les hyperthyroïdies et la grossesse au CHU de Dantec à Dakar, 2003. Dical Thesis, UCAD, No. 80, 117 p.
[5]
Aggarawal, N., Suri, V., Singla, R., Chopra, S., Sikka, P., Shah, V.N., et al. (2014) Pregnancy Outcome in Hyperthyroidism: A Case Control Study. Gynecologic andObstetricInvestigation, 77, 94-99. https://doi.org/10.1159/000357615
[6]
Guendouz, F., Boussouf, H. and Hammoune, N. (2017) Etiology of Hyperthyroidism in Pregnancy. InternationalJournalofAdvancedResearch, 5, 916-918. https://doi.org/10.21474/ijar01/6038
[7]
Feki, M., Omar, S., Menif, O., Tanfous, N.B., Slimane, H., Zouari, F., et al. (2008) Thyroid Disorders in Pregnancy: Frequency and Association with Selected Diseases and Obstetrical Complications in Tunisian Women. ClinicalBiochemistry, 41, 927-931. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2008.05.002
[8]
Delannoy, P., Grandfils, S., Lebrethon, M., Chantraine, F., Van linthout, C., Beckers, A., et al. (2019) A Series of 9 Pregnancies with Hyperthyroidism and Graves Disease: Fetal and Maternal Follow up. Abstract Book: Annual Congress oftheBelgianSocietyofInternalMedicine, Dolce La Hulpe, 13-14 Decembre 2019. https://hdl.handle.net/2268/244942
[9]
Abdous, B. (2016) Hyperthyroïdiennes et Grossesse. Annales d’Endocrinologie, 77, 381. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ando.2016.07.423
[10]
Luton, D., Châtel, P., Ceccaldi, P.F., Davtian, C., et al. (2020) Thyroïde et Grossesse EMC Le Manuel Du Résident—Endocrinologie Métabolisme Nutrition. Elsevier Masson SAS, 1.
[11]
Dulek, H., Vural, F., Aka, N. and Zengin, S. (2019) The Prevalence of Thyroid Dysfunction and Its Relationship with Perinatal Outcomes in Pregnant Women in the Third Trimester. Northern Clinics of İstanbul, 6, 267-272.
[12]
Kobaly, K. and Mandel, S.J. (2019) Hyperthyroidism and Pregnancy. EndocrinologyandMetabolismClinicsofNorthAmerica, 48, 533-545. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecl.2019.05.002
[13]
Sedgh, G. and Hussain, R. (2014) Reasons for Contraceptive Nonuse among Women Having Unmet Need for Contraception in Developing Countries. StudiesinFamilyPlanning, 45, 151-169. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1728-4465.2014.00382.x
[14]
Cleland, J., Conde-Agudelo, A., Peterson, H., Ross, J. and Tsui, A. (2012) Contraception and Health. TheLancet, 380, 149-156. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(12)60609-6
[15]
Sorah, K. and Carlson, K. (2025) Hyperthyroidism in Pregnancy. StatPearls Publishing. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK559203/
[16]
Rchachi, M., Houari, H., El Ouahabi, H. and Ajdi, F. (2016) Hyperthyroïdie au cours de la grossesse. https://www.em-consulte.com/article/1078458/hyperthyroidie-au-cours-de-la-grossesse
[17]
Chambon, M. and Cogne, M. (2017) Étude rétrospective de femmes enceintes hospi-talisées pour hyperémesis gravidarum révélant une hyperthyroïdie transitoire: Compa-raison des formes infracliniques versus thyréotoxicoses. Annales d’Endocrinologie, 78, 234. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ando.2017.07.266
[18]
Güzel, E., Sivri Aydın, D., Çilesiz Göksedef, B.P. and Boran, A.B. (2015) The Incidence of Thyroid Dysfunction in Pregnant Women. PerinatalJournal, 23, 96-100. https://doi.org/10.2399/prn.15.0232008
[19]
Hiéronimus, S., Trastour, C., Wagner, K., Hilmi, M. and Brucker-Davis, F. (2017) Hyperémèse gravidique et dysthyroïdie: Quels sont les enseignements d’une cohorte suivie en consultation dédiée «thyroïde et grossesse»? Annalesd’Endocrinologie, 78, 260. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ando.2017.07.127
