Objective: Describe trends, causes, and factors associated with maternal mortality. Patients and Methods: This was a retrospective descriptive study conducted in the gynecology and obstetrics department of the Yamoussoukro Regional Hospital Center. The study took place over a period of 5 years, from January 1, 2016, to December 31, 2020. All patients who died in the gynecology-obstetrics department of the Yamoussoukro CHR and met the WHO definition were included in the study. Data entry and analysis of the results were performed using EpiInfo 7 software. Results: The maternal mortality rate was 485.8 per 100,000 live births. The maternal mortality ratio was 492.9 in 2016 compared to 695.4 in 2020, representing a growth rate of 202.5%. The average age was 30 years, and the 26 - 30 age group was the most common, accounting for 26.3%. Women without any level of education represented 60.2%, and 45.1% were single. In 44.4%, they had no income-generating activity. Women had between 1 and 3 prenatal consultations (PNC) in 55.6%. Multiparous women were the most numerous, at 30.3%. Deaths mainly occurred in the immediate postpartum period (71.4%), and direct obstetric causes accounted for 89.5%, with obstetric hemorrhage dominating at 63.2%. Poor prenatal care and lack of blood products were associated with deaths, at 64.7% and 40.6%, respectively. Conclusion: Maternal mortality was increasing at the Yamoussoukro Regional Hospital. The direct causes of death were predominant, with obstetric hemorrhage as the main cause. Poor prenatal care and the lack of blood products were associated with the deaths.
References
[1]
Baldé, O., Baldé, I.S., Diallo, M.H., Diallo, A.B., Diallo, B.S., Donamou, S., et al. (2016) La mortalité maternelle à l’hôpital régional de Kindia: Facteurs épidémiologiques et axes stratégiques d’intervention. Revue Internationale des Sciences Médicales, 18, 61-65.
[2]
Koffi, A., Nigué, L., Effoh, D., Adjoby, R., Loué, S., Chendjou, B., et al. (2016) Connaissances et utilisation de la contraception d’urgence chez les adolescentes. Revue Internationale des Sciences Médicales, 18, 11-15.
[3]
Abdoun, M., Merabet, N., Nouiouet, N., Rezig, F. and Saoudi, S. (2020) Epidemiology of Maternal Mortality in the Wilaya of Sétif, from 2014 to 2019. Batna Journal of Medical Sciences (BJMS), 7, 97-101. https://doi.org/10.48087/bjmsoa.2020.7207
[4]
Alkema, L., Chou, D., Hogan, D., Zhang, S., Moller, A., Gemmill, A., et al. (2016) Global, Regional, and National Levels and Trends in Maternal Mortality between 1990 and 2015, with Scenario-Based Projections to 2030: A Systematic Analysis by the UN Maternal Mortality Estimation Inter-Agency Group. The Lancet, 387, 462-474. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(15)00838-7
[5]
Foughali, B., Lahmar, M. and Ouchtati, M. (2023) Tendance de la mortalité maternelle au Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Constantine entre 2012 et 2017. Annales Africaines de Medecine, 16, e5079-e5087. https://doi.org/10.4314/aamed.v16i2.7
[6]
Conde-Agudelo, A., Belizán, J.M. and Lammers, C. (2005) Maternal-Perinatal Morbidity and Mortality Associated with Adolescent Pregnancy in Latin America: Cross-Sectional Study. American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 192, 342-349. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajog.2004.10.593
[7]
Rafamatanantsoa, J.F., Razafindraibe, A.F., Rakotondraisoa, J.M., Rakotonirina, E.L.C.J., Andrianampanalinarivo, H.R. and Ranjalahy, R.J. (2017) Facteurs de risque de deces maternels au centre hospitalier de reference de district itaosy (Antananarivo). Journal Malagasy de Gynécologie-Obstétrique, 1, 11-15.
[8]
Thiam, O., Diatta, D., Gueye, L., Sarr, C.C.T., Sow, D.B., Ndiaye, M.T., Ndiaye, F.M. and Ndiaye, M.M. (2024) Profil des décès maternels enregistrés dans huit structures de santé de la Région Médicale de Saint-Louis; Sénégal (Janvier 2017-Décembre 2021). Journal de la SAGO, 25, 39-43.
[9]
Aftab, F., Ahmed, I., Ahmed, S., Ali, S.M., Amenga-Etego, S., Ariff, S., et al. (2021) Direct Maternal Morbidity and the Risk of Pregnancy-Related Deaths, Stillbirths, and Neonatal Deaths in South Asia and Sub-Saharan Africa: A Population-Based Prospective Cohort Study in 8 Countries. PLOS Medicine, 18, e1003644. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1003644
[10]
Thiam, M., Faye, D.M.E., Gueye, L., Niane, S.Y., Niang, M.M., Mahamat, S., et al. (2017) Mortalité maternelle au Centre Hospitalier Régional de THIES: Etiologies et facteurs déterminants, à propos de 239 décès. Journal de la SAGO, 18, 34-39.
[11]
Deneux-tharaux, C. and Saucedo, M. (2017) Épidémiologie de la mortalité maternelle en France, 2010-2012. Gynécologie Obstétrique Fertilité & Sénologie , 45, S8-S21. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gofs.2017.10.025
[12]
Aipkitanyi, J. (2025) Trois décennies après Pékin: Progrès et défis en matière de santé et des droits maternels, Reproductifs et infantiles en Afrique. African Journal of Reproductive Health, 29, 17-22.
[13]
Oladapo, O.T. and Nihlén, Å. (2024) Maternal Health in a Dramatically Different World: Tailoring Actions to Achieve Targets for 2030 and Beyond. The Lancet Global Health, 12, e185-e187. https://doi.org/10.1016/s2214-109x(23)00545-4
[14]
Horo, A., Touré-Ecra, F. and Mohamed, F. (2008) Dysfonctionnement et mortalité maternelle: Analyse des 35 cas à la maternité du CHU de Yopougon (Abidjan). Médecined’Afrique noire, 55, 449-453.
[15]
Mayi-Tsonga, S., Oksana, L. and Diallo, T. (2010) Etude sur les décès maternels au Centre Hospitalier de Libreville. Médecined’Afrique noire, 57, 425-431.
[16]
Gandzien, P.C. (2005) La mortalité maternelle au Centre Hospitalier de Talangai-Brazzaville. Médecined’Afriquenoire,, 52, 657-660.
[17]
Aliyu, L.D., Kadas, A.S., Mohammed, A., Abdulllahi, H.M., Farouk, Z., Usman, F., et al. (2022) Impediments to Maternal Mortality Reduction in Africa: A Systemic and Socioeconomic Overview. Journal of Perinatal Medicine, 51, 202-207. https://doi.org/10.1515/jpm-2022-0052
[18]
OMS, UNICEF, UNFPA and Banque Mondiale (2019) Evolution de la mortalité maternelle: 2000-2017. https://www.who.int/fr/publications/i/item/9789241516488
[19]
Gabkika, B.M., Foumsou, L., Saleh, A. and Gnimindang, A. (2023) Qualité de la consultation prénatale chez les patientes admises en salle d’accouchement à la maternité du CHU de la Mère et de l’Enfant de N’Djamena. Kisangani Médical Juin, 13, 615-620.
[20]
N’Dri, K.M., Olou, N.L., Koffi, K.A., Moussoum, L.M. and Zoua, K.A.G. (2023) Facteurs associés aux retards à la première consultation prénatale dans le district sanitaire de Kouibly (Côte d’Ivoire). Revue Africaine des Sciences Sociales et de la Santé Publique, 5, 12-26.
[21]
Blaise, I.M., Blaise, M.I. and Etienne, K.B. (2021) Analyse des facteurs Explicatifs des décès maternel sintra hospitaliers dans la zone de Santé Rurale de Miti-Murhesa, RDC. https://hal.science/hal-03412153v1
[22]
Hien, D., Bognini, K.S.N., Ouedraogo, E., Koumbem, A.M.A., Kain, D.P.L. and Ouedraogo, A. (2025) Mortalité maternelle dans les services de Gynécologie Obstétrique des formations sanitaires publiques de la région du centre, au Burkina Faso du 1er Janvier 2022 au 31 Décembre 2022. Journal de la SAGO, 26, 32-38.
[23]
Minkobame, Z.M.U.P., Ntsame, M.E.J., Makoyo, K.O., Minto’o, N.E.J., Eya’ama, M.R. and Edzo, M.I. (2024) Analyse des Décès Maternels au Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Mère-Enfant Fondation Jeanne Ebori (Libreville) de 2019 à 2022. Health Sciences and Disease, 25, 24-28.
