乡村振兴视角下农村厕所革命的实践成效、现存问题与系统优化研究
A Study on the Practical Effects, Existing Problems and Systematic Optimization of the Rural Toilet Revolution from the Perspective of Rural Revitalization

作为乡村振兴战略的重要组成部分，农村厕所革命自2018年全面推进以来，全国卫生厕所普及率大幅提升，技术模式持续创新，长效管护机制初步建立。但在政策执行过程中仍面临基层实施困境与村民参与惰性等问题。本文以河南省周口市太康县为典型案例，综合运用实地调研、问卷调查、案例分析及政策文本分析等方法，并结合甘肃、云南、四川、贵州、河南五省的调研数据，系统分析了政策执行在资源、体制与操作层面遇到的多维障碍，以及村民因认知、经济、社会与技术适应等因素产生的参与惰性。研究发现，基层执行困境与村民参与惰性之间存在相互强化的恶性循环机制。本文基于政策执行理论、集体行动理论与行为科学的整合视角，从政策执行优化和村民参与激励两方面提出分类施策、系统协同的破解路径，为推动农村厕所革命政策持续高效实施提供理论依据与实践参考。
As a crucial component of the rural revitalization strategy, the rural Toilet Revolution has seen a substantial increase in the national coverage rate of sanitary toilets, continuous innovation in technical models, and the initial establishment of a long-term management and maintenance mechanism since its full-scale advancement in 2018. However, the policy implementation still confronts issues such as dilemmas in grassroots practice and villagers’ inertia in participation. Taking Taikang County of Zhoukou City in Henan Province as an example, this study employs methods including field surveys, questionnaires, case studies and policy text analysis to thoroughly explore the multiple obstacles encountered in policy implementation regarding resource constraints, institutional deficiencies and operational levels. It also analyzes the problem of villagers’ participation inertia caused by factors like cognitive psychology, economic rationality, social culture and technical adaptability. The research finds that there exists a mutually reinforcing vicious circle mechanism between the dilemmas of grassroots implementation and villagers’ participation inertia. Based on the existing survey data from five provinces namely Henan, Gansu, Yunnan, Sichuan and Guizhou, this paper proposes solutions from two aspects: the optimization of policy implementation and the incentive for villagers’ participation, providing theoretical reference and practical guidance for the sustained and efficient implementation of the rural Toilet Revolution policy.