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金属有机框架膜在H2/CO2分离上的研究进展
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Abstract:
H2/CO2分离是生产清洁能源和减少温室气体排放、实现可持续发展和应对气候变化挑战的关键步骤。传统分离技术能耗高，而膜分离技术因其节能、操作简单、规模灵活等优势备受关注。金属–有机框架(MOF)膜，凭借其高度有序的孔道结构、可调的孔径与化学环境，为突破传统聚合物膜面临的“渗透性–选择性”权衡上限提供了革命性平台。综述了不同类型MOFs膜(多晶连续膜、混合基质膜(MMMs)及二维MOF (2D-MOF)膜，介绍了它们的特点和优势，并阐明了最佳使用条件。总结了膜设计的关键问题，如多相设计、微结构控制、分离机理。最后提出了MOF膜分离H2、CO2面临的主要挑战和未来的研究前景。
H？/CO？ separation is a critical step in producing clean energy and reducing greenhouse gas emissions, which is essential for achieving sustainable development and addressing climate change challenges. Conventional separation technologies are often energy-intensive, whereas membrane separation technology has attracted significant attention due to its energy efficiency, operational simplicity, and scalability. Metal-organic framework (MOF) membranes, with their highly ordered pore structures, tunable pore sizes, and adjustable chemical environments, offer a revolutionary platform to overcome the upper bound of the “permeability-selectivity” trade-off faced by traditional polymer membranes. This review summarizes different types of MOF membranes, including polycrystalline continuous membranes, mixed-matrix membranes (MMMs), and two-dimensional MOF (2D-MOF) membranes, highlighting their characteristics and advantages while clarifying their optimal operating conditions. Key issues in membrane design are discussed, such as multi-phase design, microstructure control, and separation mechanisms. Finally, the main challenges and future research prospects for MOF membranes in H？ and CO？ separation are outlined.
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