Introduction: Salivary gland disorders are varied. Among them, tumors are rare, varied and can have serious consequences. The anatomo-pathological examination occupies an essential place in diagnosis, assessment of prognosis and treatment. In the Senegalese context, these tumors have mainly been studied clinically and therapeutically. We therefore conducted a study aimed at studying the epidemiological profile and histological forms of primary salivary gland tumors in the PCR laboratories of Dakar hospitals. Materials and methods: This is a retrospective, descriptive, multicenter study, over a period of 5 years (January 2014 to December 2018). We based our findings on the registers, archives of results and CAP examination reports. The parameters studied were age, sex, consultation time, nature of the sample, site of the lesion and histological type. Results: 145 cases of salivary gland tumors were collected. The average age was 44.5 ± 18.7 years. Patients aged 60 and over were the most represented. The sex ratio (F/M) was 1.23. The average duration of progression was 5.6 ± 6 years with a median of 3 years and extremes of 0.25 and 30 years. The main salivary glands (MSG) were the most frequently affected (89.65%), particularly the parotid gland (74.5%). Tumors of the accessory salivary glands were located preferentially on the palate (53.33%). Surgical specimens constituted the main type of sample (80%). The tumors were mainly epithelial in nature (97.2%) and were malignant in 60% cases. Patients with malignant tumors were on average older than those with benign tumors (52.2 and 39.4 years, respectively), with a p-value < 0.001. The proportion of malignant tumors was higher in male subjects (43.8%) than in female subjects (38%), with a p-value of 0.484. Pleomorphic adenoma (PA) constituted the most frequent histological type (55.8%) followed by mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC) and adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) with 10.3% and 6.9% respectively. Conclusion: Primary salivary gland tumors are relatively rare in Senegal and are often diagnosed late. Older people, men, and people with lesions of the accessory salivary glands are more likely to develop cancer in our context. The strengthening of primary prevention, the study of risk factors and molecular alterations, would make it possible to improve the treatment of these pathologies.
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