|
|
Applied Physics 2026
基于二氧化钒的太赫兹多/宽带可调谐超材料吸波器
|
Abstract:
超材料吸波器作为近些年来的热门研究课题，在探测、光伏等领域取得了广泛应用，但也存在着器件吸收频率固定的缺陷，所以在频率可调谐方面存在迫切需求。本文提出了一种多/宽带可调谐的双功能太赫兹超材料吸波器。基于相变材料二氧化钒(VO2)，通过调节温度，改变电导率，VO2在绝缘态和金属态之间相互转换，实现了吸波器的多/宽带可调谐吸收。仿真结果表明，在2~8 THz频段范围内，当VO2处于绝缘态时，该器件实现了四频带吸收，吸收率均大于97%；当VO2处于金属态时，实现了一条吸收率超过60%的宽带吸收。此外，本文还讨论了结构参数对超材料吸波器吸收率的影响，分析了该器件的极化不敏感特性以及广角入射吸收特性等。该研究对于设计新型可调谐超材料吸波器及其在传感中的应用具有重要意义。
Metamaterial absorbers, as a popular research topic in recent years, have been widely applied in fields such as detection and photovoltaics. However, they also have the defect of fixed absorption frequency, so there is an urgent need for frequency tunability. A multi-/broadband tunable dual-function terahertz metamaterial absorber is proposed in this paper. Based on the phase-change material vanadium dioxide (VO2), the absorber achieves multi-/broadband tunable absorption by adjusting temperature to vary conductivity, enabling VO2 to transition between insulating and metallic states. Simulation results demonstrate that within the frequency range of 2~8 THz, the device exhibits quad-band absorption with each absorption rate exceeding 97% when VO2 is in the insulating state, while achieving a broadband absorption with over 60% absorption efficiency when VO2 is in the metallic state. Additionally, this paper discusses the influence of structural parameters on the absorption performance of the metamaterial absorber and analyzes its polarization-insensitive characteristics as well as wide-angle incidence absorption properties. This research is of great significance for designing novel tunable metamaterial absorbers and their applications in sensing.
| [1] | Wei, X.K., Ren, C.L., Liu, B.W., et al. (2025) The Theory, Technology, and Application of Terahertz Metamaterial Biosensors: A Review. Fundamental Research, 5, 571-585. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fmre.2024.11.008 |
| [2] | Che, Z., Zhang, G.M., Ren, P.P., et al. (2022) Narrow Bandpass Filter Based on Vanadium Dioxide Can Be Used for Terahertz Stealth. Journal of Optics, 51, 336-342. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12596-021-00764-1 |
| [3] | Wang, D., Yang, L., Hu, Z., Wang, F., Yang, Y., Pan, X., et al. (2025) Antiferromagnetic Semimetal Terahertz Photodetectors Enhanced through Weak Localization. Nature Communications, 16, Article No. 25. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-55426-0 |
| [4] | Ma, L., Fan, F., Feng, J., Shen, P., Song, C., Ji, Y., et al. (2025) Terahertz Asynchronous Twin-Comb for Prefiguring Hypersensitivity Beyond Spectrum Domain. Nature Communications, 16, Article No. 8503. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-63513-z |
| [5] | Li, Z., Zhang, Z. and Zhou, X. (2023) Chemical Modulation of Metal-Insulator Transition toward Multifunctional Applications in Vanadium Dioxide Nanostructures. Small, 19, 230-234. https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.202305234 |
| [6] | Yan, D.X., Meng, M., Li, J.S., et al. (2020) Vanadium Dioxide-Assisted Broadband Absorption and Linear-to-Circular Polarization Conversion Based on a Single Metasurface Design for the Terahertz Wave. Optics Express, 28, Article 29843. https://doi.org/10.1364/oe.404829 |
| [7] | Hu, F.R., Wang, H., Zhang, X.W., et al. (2019) Electrically Triggered Tunable Terahertz Band-Pass Filter Based on VO2 Hybrid Metamaterial. IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Quantum Electronics, 25, 1-7. https://doi.org/10.1109/jstqe.2018.2885476 |
| [8] | Lu, D., Malof, J.M. and Padilla, W.J. (2025) An Agentic Framework for Autonomous Metamaterial Modeling and Inverse Design. ACS Photonics, 12, 6071-6080. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsphotonics.5c01514 |
| [9] | Feng, Y.S., Liang, M.S., Zhao, X.G., et al. (2025) Fabrication and Modulation of Flexible Electromagnetic Metamaterials. Microsystems & Nanoengineering, 11, Article No. 14. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41378-024-00806-1 |
| [10] | Landy, N.I., Sajuyigbe, S., Mock, J.J., Smith, D.R. and Padilla, W.J. (2008) Perfect Metamaterial Absorber. Physical Review Letters, 100, Article 207402. https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.100.207402 |
| [11] | Wang, J.F., Lang, T.T., Hong, Z., et al. (2021) Design and Fabrication of a Triple-Band Terahertz Metamaterial Absorber. Nanomaterials, 11, Article 1110. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano11051110 |
| [12] | 杨宏艳, 支文龙, 肖功利, 等. 太赫兹全频段主动调谐多功能超材料吸波器[J/OL]. https://doi.org/10.3788/AOS251306, 2025-08-15. |
| [13] | Parveen, A., Tyagi, D., Laxmi, V., Ullah, N., Ahmad, F., Irshad, A., et al. (2025) Next-Generation Light Harvesting: MXene (Ti3C2Tx)-Based Metamaterial Absorbers for a Broad Wavelength Range from 0.3 μm to 18 μm. Materials, 18, Article 3273. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma18143273 |
| [14] | Chen, Y.X., Sun, G.T., Wei, J., et al. (2024) Ultrahigh-Q Polarization-Independent Terahertz Metamaterial Absorber Using Pattern-Free Graphene for Sensing Applications. Nanomaterials, 14, Article 605. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano14070605 |
| [15] | Niu, J.H., Zhang, C.B., Mo, W., et al. (2025) Polarization-insensitive and Ultra-Bandwidth Terahertz Metamaterial Absorber Based on Vanadium Dioxide. Applied Optics, 64, 2772-2779. https://doi.org/10.1364/ao.557664 |
| [16] | Geng, J.Q., Deng, X.H., Xiong, Z.P., et al. (2024) Ultra-Wideband Terahertz Absorber with Switchable Multiple Modes Based on Graphene and Vanadium Dioxide Metamaterials. Chinese Journal of Physics, 92, 1312-1324. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cjph.2024.10.037 |
| [17] | Peng, W.L., Xie, Y.L., Luo, J.L., et al. (2024) Polarization-Insensitive Ultra-Wideband Tunable Perfect Absorber Based on a Vanadium Dioxide Metasurface. Applied Optics, 63, 8973-8979. https://doi.org/10.1364/ao.544937 |
| [18] | Song, Z.Y., Chen, A.P. and Zhang, J.H. (2020) Terahertz Switching between Broadband Absorption and Narrowband Absorption. Optics Express, 28, 2037-2044. https://doi.org/10.1364/oe.376085 |
| [19] | 高鹏, 陈聪, 刘海. 基于二氧化钒相变的可调谐超材料吸收器设计[J]. 量子光学学报, 2022, 28(1): 37-45. |
| [20] | Fan, Y. and Yang, R.C. (2022) Temperature-Tunable Dual-Band Ultra-Thin Terahertz Metamaterial Absorber Based on Vanadium Dioxide. Journal of Quantum Optics, 28, 46-54. |
| [21] | Wang, B.X., Wang, L.L., Wang, G.Z., et al. (2014) Tunable Bandwidth of the Terahertz Metamaterial Absorber. Optics Communications, 325, 78-83. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.optcom.2014.04.005 |
| [22] | Liu, H., Wang, Z.H., Li, L., et al. (2019) Vanadium Dioxide-Assisted Broadband Tunable Terahertz Metamaterial Absorber. Scientific Reports, 9, Article No. 5751. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-42293-9 |
| [23] | 郭起帆, 董云霞. 基于石墨烯和二氧化钒的太赫兹宽带超材料吸收器[J]. 量子光学学报, 2025, 31(1): 105-115. |
| [24] | Lou, F.Y., Lei, J.G. and Lin, J.Q. (2021) A Simple Triple-Band Terahertz Metamaterial Absorber Based on Multi-Mode Resonance for Sensing Applications. Nano LIFE, 11, Article 2150004. https://doi.org/10.1142/s1793984421500045 |
| [25] | 罗文, 罗萍. 基于二氧化钒的宽入射角吸收的超宽带太赫兹吸收器研究[J/OL]. https://link.cnki.net/urlid/12.1182.O4.20250418.1714.022, 2025-04-21. |
