只含药食同源中药材的中药方及其慢性病营养干预潜力初步研究——基于经典方剂与临床实践方的系统筛选及作用机制分析
Chinese Herbal Formulations Containing Only Medicinal and Edible Ingredients: A Preliminary Study on Their Potential for Nutritional Intervention in Chronic Diseases—Based on Systematic Screening of Classical and Clinically Practiced Formulas and Analysis of Their Mechanisms of Action

目的：从《太平惠民和剂局方》《金匮要略》等经典典籍及临床实践中，筛选仅由药食同源药材组成的方剂，系统分析其功效特点、营养成分及对常见慢性病的干预潜力，为慢性病的药食同源综合调理提供理论依据与实践参考。方法：以国家卫健委《既是食品又是药品的物品名单》(2018年版)为标准，从经典方剂库及临床实践方中筛选符合“只含药食同源药材”条件的方剂，梳理其组成、用量、用法及功能主治，通过系统检索中国知网(CNKI)、PubMed等数据库中相关药理学与营养学研究，梳理其核心营养成分(如多糖、黄酮类)及作用机制，建立“方剂–功效–营养成分–慢性病”的对应关系，分析其干预机制与应用场景。结果：共筛选出22首符合条件的方剂，涵盖补益(包括气血阴阳)、固涩、和解、清热、健脾祛湿、理气解郁等8类功效，涉及药食同源中药材41种。其中归脾汤、八珍汤等针对气血亏虚型慢性病，参苓白术散、谷方益元减脂方针对代谢性疾病，葛花解酲汤加减针对酒精性肝病，桑菊解郁方针对慢性应激相关疾病，均具备明确的营养干预靶点与现代研究支撑。结论：只含药食同源中药材的方剂基于“药食同源”理论，通过多糖、黄酮、皂苷等天然营养成分多靶点调节机体功能，对心血管疾病、糖尿病、酒精性肝病、肥胖症等慢性病的预防与辅助治疗具有显著潜力，可作为基于“辨证施食”原则的个性化营养干预方案的重要载体。
Objective: To screen herbal formulations from classical texts such as “Formulas of the Peaceful Benevolent Dispensary” and “Jin Gui Yao Lue” as well as clinical practice, comprising only ingredients that are both food and medicine, and to systematically analyze their efficacy characteristics, nutritional components, and intervention potential for common chronic diseases, thereby providing a theoretical basis and practical reference for the integrated regulation of chronic diseases using medicinal and edible substances. Methods: Referring to the standard “List of Items that Are Both Food and Medicine” (National Health Commission, 2018 edition), formulations meeting the “medicinal and edible ingredients only” criterion were selected from classical and clinically practiced formulas. Their composition, dosage, administration, and functional indications were collated. Systematic searches were conducted in databases including CNKI and PubMed for relevant pharmacological and nutritional studies to identify core nutritional components (e.g., polysaccharides, flavonoids) and their mechanisms of action. A corresponding relationship of “formula-efficacy-nutritional component-chronic disease” was established to analyze intervention mechanisms and application scenarios. Results: A total of 22 eligible formulations were obtained, encompassing 8 categories of efficacy: tonifying (including qi, blood, yin, yang), securing and astringing, harmonizing, clearing heat, fortifying the spleen and dispelling dampness, and regulating qi and relieving depression. These involved 41 types of medicinal and edible Chinese herbs. Specific formulas, such as Guipi Decoction and Bazhen Decoction for chronic diseases with qi and blood deficiency,